Asian Longhorned Beetle
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Annotated Categorization of ALB Host Trees
Alan Sawyer
USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Otis Plant Protection Laboratory
Revised Feb , 2010
Click on Genus for more information (link will open in new browser window)

Category1
Genus2
Common Name
Host Abundance 
and other notes3
Treated Surveyed4

Very good hosts
Acer
Maple, boxelder
Very common trees. Many US records, all species: Norway, red, silver, sugar, sycamore maple and boxelder especially favored; Amur maple less favored; Japanese maple seldom attacked.
Yes
Aesculus
Horsechestnut, buckeye
Fairly common trees. Several US records, some heavily infested.
Yes
Salix
Willow
Fairly common trees. Several US records: weeping, pussy and white willows highly favored; black willow (oviposition only) less favored.
Yes
Ulmus
Elm
Very common trees. Many US records: American, Siberian and Chinese elms. Elms are apparently less preferred than maple.
Yes

Good hosts
Betula
Birch
Fairly common trees. Several US records: gray, European white and river birches. Some gray birches with many exits. Birches are apparently less preferred than maple.
Yes
Plane tree, sycamore
Common
Yes
 
Occasional hosts
Alizia
Mimosa, silk tree
Occasional ornamental. Exit holes: 2 records from field in NY with additional emergence in laboratory. No Chinese record
Yes
Katsura tree, C. japonicum
Occasional ornamental. Four records from Worcester, MA,including 2 trees with exit holes
Yes
Celtis

Hackberry

C. occidentalis

Fairly common tree. Oviposition: 1 unverified record from IL, with small/medium-sized larva identified as ALB. No Chinese record.
Yes
Fraxinus
Ash (especially green
ash, F. pennsylvanica)
Very common tree, but injury infrequent relative to host abundance. Several US records, all from IL, most of these unverified (but at least two exit holes confirmed). Host in Chinese literature. Exit hole in green ash in Chinese field test.
Yes
Populus
Poplar  (excluding cottonwood)
Fairly common trees. Diverse group. Suitability apparently varies; some species and hybrids are prime hosts in China. Just 7 US records (NY, NJ), including balsam popular, P. balsamifera,
Balm-of-Gilead (a hybrid cultivar), eastern cottonwood, P. deltoides, quaking aspen, P. tremuloides and unidentified Populus sp. Exit hole on quaking aspen, adults reared in lab from
field-collected cottonwood.
Yes
Sorbus
Mountain-ash
Occasional ornamental. Exit hole: 1 record from field in IL with additional emergence in laboratory. No Chinese record. Note: this is not a true ash; Sorbus is a member of the rose family.
Yes
 
Questionable hosts
Hisbiscus
Rose-of-Sharon, H. syriacus
Common ornamental shrub. Exit: 1 unverified report, NY; Oviposition: several records, NY, but no larval development, possibly incidental to heavy damage on nearby hosts. No
Chinese record.
No
Malus
Apple, crab apple
Common ornamental. Oviposition: 1 uestionable record, IL Host in Chinese literature. Oviposition observed in China.
No
Morus
Mulberry
Very common tree. Oviposition: 1 record, NY. No Chinese record.
No
Prunus
Cherry, plum
Very common ornamental. Oviposition: 2 records, NY & IL, but
no survival. Host in Chinese literature.
No
Pyrus
Pear
Common ornamental. Exit: 1 questionable record, IL. Host in Chinese literature.
No
Quercus
Oak
Very common tree. Oviposition: 1 record, NY (incidental to heavy damage on nearby hosts). No Chinese record.
No
Robinia
Black Locust
Common tree. Exit: 2 doubtful records, IL. Host in Chinese literature. Egg sites observed in China.
No
Tilia
Linden, Basswood
Common tree. Oviposition: 2 records (IL & NY) but no survival. Host in Chinese literature.
No
 
No U.S. Record5
Alnus
Alder
Locally common tree or shrub. No US record. Host in Chinese literature. Exit hole observed in gray alder, A. incana, in cage study in China.
No
Silverberry, Russian Olive
Widely-planted ornamental shrub. No US cord. Host in Chinese literature; Heavy feeding amage and exit hole observed in China.
No
Goldenraintree, K. paniculata
Occasional ornamental. No US record. Heavy feeding,
oviposition sites and 2 exit holes observed in cage study in China.
No
Melia
Chinaberry
Uncommon shrub. No US record; reported not to be a host in Chinese literature but damage observed.
No

Reported not to be hosts
Ailanthus
Tree of heaven
Common tree. No US record; reported not to be a host in Chinese literature.
No

 

1Host status based on US records of infestation, field studies with North American trees planted in China and Chinese literature. Host range tests in laboratory and greenhouse settings not considered except as noted. See Hu et al. (2009) for a review of hosts with particular emphasis on the status of poplars in China.

2Host genera listed alphabetically within catagories.

3Host abundance based on program records , general oversvations of infested areas in NY and IL, and on Nowack, D.J., 1994. "Urban Forest Structure: the State of Chicago's Urban Forest." pp 3-18 In: E.G. McPherson et al., Chicago's Urban Forest Ecosystem: Results of the Chicago Forest Climate Project. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-186, USDA Forest Service, Northeast Forest Experiment Sta., Radnor, PA.

4Included in surveys and chemical treatments by USDA Cooperative ALB Eradication Program in IL, NY and NJ.

5 Trees with no US record are reported to be hosts in china but have not been attacked in the US at this point

References

Hu, J., S. Angeli, S. Schuetz, Y. Luo and A. E. Hajek. 2009. Ecology and management of exotic and endemic Asian longhorned beetle Anoplophora glabripennis. Agric. For. Entomol. 11: 359-375.

Nowack, D. J., 1994, “Urban Forest Structure: The State of Chicago’s Urban Forest,” pp. 3-18 In: E. G. McPherson et al., Chicago’s Urban Forest Ecosystem: Results of the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project. Gen. Tech. Rep. NE-186, USDA Forest Service, NE Forest Experiment Sta., Radnor, PA


 
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