Coding DNA

• cis-acting sequences
• enhancers
• splice junctions
• cis splicing
• trans splicing
• alternative splicing
• alternative initiation
• trans acting factors

• Non-repetitive "junk" DNA
• introns
• UTRs
• Repetitive Sequences  ......... make up at least 50% of the human genome .......
• Transposable Elements ---------45% derives from such transposons
• Transposons  (move as DNA)
• Retroposons (Retrotransposons)  (move as RNA intermediates)
• Viral-like Retroposons (terminal LTRs)
• Nonviral-like Retroposons  (lack LTRs).
• LINEs (Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements)
• SINEs (Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements)
• Alu family
• Tandem Repeats
• Satellites
• Mini-satellites
• VNTRs

Micro-satellites

Teleological Implications of Genomic Knowledge ( a possibly inflammatory peronal opinion)

How definitions of the gene have evolved     IMPORTANT!

Genomics

• Comparitive Genomics - a short article from HMS Beagle
• Functional Genomics - a page from ORNL
• Functional Genomics - a review article

Genome sequencing projects

• The public Human Genome Project

• Celera

• 8 Eukaryotic genomes
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast)
• Caenorhabiditis elegans (vinegar eel)
• Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)
• Arabadopsis thaliana (thale cress or mouse-eared cress)
• Mus musculus (house mouse)
• Rattus norvegicus  (norwegian brown rat)
• Plasmodium falciparum  (Malria parasite)
• Danio rerio  (Zebrafish)
• 67 Prokaryotic Genomes
• Agrobacterium tumafasciens
• Bacillus subtilis
• Escherichia coli K12
• Haemohilus influenzae
• Helicobacter pylori
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Salmonella typhimurium  LT2
• Yersinia pestis

Proteomics

• Domains and Motifs: the modularity of proteins.

Structural Biology

Phylogenetic Analysis and Evolution