Some useful readings:

  • Arthur Asa Berger, Signs in Contemporary Culture: An Introduction to Semiotics, 2nd edition, Sheffield Publishing Company, 1999.
  • Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky, Manufacturing Consent: the Political Economy of the Mass Media, Pantheon, 1988.
  • Umberto Eco, A Theory of Semiotics, Indiana University Press, 1976.
  • Jeff Goodwin, "What's Right (and wrong) About Left Media Criticism? Herman and Chomsky's Propaganda Model" Sociological Forum, Vol. 9, No. 1, 1994: 101-111.
  • Terence Hawkes, Structuralism and Semiotics, University of California Press, 1977.
  • Scott McCloud, Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art, New York: Kitchen Sink Press/Harper Perennial, 1994.
  • Roland Barthes, "Myth Today," pp. 109-159, from Mythologies, trans. Annette Lavers, New York: Hill and Wang, 1972.
  • Judith Williamson, Decoding Advertisements: Ideology and Meaning in Advertising, Marion Boyars, 1978.
  • Will Wright, Sixguns and Society: A Structural Study of the Western, University of California Press, 1975.
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