|
|
|
|
|
AWARDS RECEIVED IN JULY 2003 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| COLLEGE |
DEPARTMENT |
PRINCIPAL
INVESTIGATOR |
SPONSOR |
PROJECT TITLE |
START DATE |
END DATE |
DIRECT |
INDIRECT |
AWARD AMOUNT |
|
|
| CALS |
Animal
Science |
Barlow,
John |
Vermont
Dairy Herd Improvement Associations, Inc. (DHIA) |
Using
DHIA Data for Herd Performance Management: Development of Case Based Training
Resources |
10/31/2002 |
11/1/2003 |
$8,000 |
$0 |
$8,000 |
|
|
| CALS |
Center
for Rural Studies |
Schmidt,
Frederick E. |
Cooperative
State Research, Education, and Extension Service/Department of Agriculture |
Technology
and Data Training and Outreach in Rural Vermont, Phase 2 |
7/15/2003 |
7/14/2006 |
$315,764 |
$0 |
$315,764 |
|
|
| CALS |
Center
for Sustainable Agriculture |
Grubinger,
Vernon P. |
Merck
(John) Fund |
Land
Link Vermont: Moving Beyond Linking for Successful Farm Transitions |
10/1/2003 |
9/30/2004 |
$5,000 |
$0 |
$5,000 |
|
|
| CALS |
Dean's
Office College of Agriculture and Life Sciences |
Downer,
Patricia S. |
Cooperative
State Research, Education, and Extension Service/Department of Agriculture |
Improve
the Effectiveness of CRIS to CSREES Institutions |
7/15/2003 |
7/14/2004 |
$109,433 |
$0 |
$109,433 |
|
|
| CALS |
Extension
System |
Grubinger,
Vernon P. |
Vermont
Community Foundation |
The
Youth Horticulture Project |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$435 |
$65 |
$500 |
|
|
| CALS |
Plant
and Soil Science |
Brownbridge,
Michael |
University
of California at Riverside |
Assessing
Organic Mulches for Trips Control in Avocado Orchards |
9/1/2002 |
12/31/2004 |
$39,475 |
$0 |
$39,475 |
|
|
| CALS |
Plant
and Soil Science |
Hulett,
Nancy |
Vermont
Agency of Natural Resources (ANR) |
Master
Composter Program |
7/1/2003 |
5/15/2004 |
$17,406 |
$2,594 |
$20,000 |
|
|
| CALS |
Plant
and Soil Science |
Magdoff,
Frederick R. |
Cooperative
State Research, Education, and Extension Service/Department of Agriculture |
Northeast
SARE Program |
5/1/2003 |
4/30/2004 |
$11,574 |
$0 |
$11,574 |
|
|
| CALS |
Plant
and Soil Science |
Parker,
Bruce L. |
Forest
Service/Department of Agriculture |
Low
Winter Temperatures in the HWA Microhabitats on Mt. Tom, MA |
7/15/2002 |
2/1/2005 |
$30,408 |
$0 |
$30,408 |
|
|
| A & S |
Anthropology |
Crock,
John |
Hoyle,
Tanner and Associates, Inc. |
Archaeological
Resources Assessment for the Montague Golf Course Sewer Main Upgrade Project,
Town of Randolph, Orange County, Vermont |
7/7/2003 |
12/31/2004 |
$4,328 |
$1,182 |
$5,510 |
|
|
| A & S |
Anthropology |
Crock,
John |
Intervale
Foundation |
Limited
Phase I Archaeological Site Identification Survey for the Proposed Intervale
Foundation Barn Relocation, Burlington, Chittenden County, Vermont |
4/8/2003 |
12/31/2003 |
$2,427 |
$663 |
$3,090 |
|
|
| A & S |
Anthropology |
Crock,
John |
Alta
Planning + Design |
Archaeological
Resources Assessment for the Champlain Path Bicycle and Pedestrian Planning
and Feasibility Study, Towns of Charlotte, Shelburne, South Burlington, and
Burlington, Chittenden County, Vermont |
8/15/2002 |
12/31/2004 |
$1,322 |
$361 |
$1,683 |
|
|
| A & S |
Anthropology |
Crock,
John |
Vermont
Division for Historic Preservation |
Mount
Independence Archaeological Study |
5/4/2003 |
4/1/2004 |
$7,858 |
$2,145 |
$10,003 |
|
|
| A & S |
Biology |
Vigoreaux,
Jim |
National
Science Foundation |
The
Role of Flightin Phosphorylation in Thick Filament Assembly and Flight Muscle
Mechnics in Drosophila |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$80,765 |
$41,594 |
$122,359 |
|
|
| A & S |
Geology |
Bierman,
Paul R. |
Department
of Defense |
Quantifying
Erosion and Sedimentation in Extreme Environments: Refining and Applying the
Cosmogenic Method for Army-Relevant Landscape Analysis |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2006 |
$369,126 |
$130,874 |
$500,000 |
|
|
| A & S |
Geology |
Bierman,
Paul R. |
National
Science Foundation |
Collaborative
Research: Sediment Production and
Alluvial Buffering in a Steep-Land River Basin: Waipaoa River Basin, New Zealand |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$10,016 |
$2,604 |
$12,620 |
|
|
| A & S |
Psychology |
Zvolensky,
Michael J. |
National
Institute on Drug Abuse/NIH/DHHS |
Panic
and Smoking Cessation |
7/15/2003 |
4/30/2004 |
$100,000 |
$51,500 |
$151,500 |
|
|
| A & S |
Psychology |
Zvolensky,
Michael J. / Feldner,Matthew |
National
Institute of Mental Health/NIH/DHHS |
Emotional
Suppression and Anxiety Sensitivity |
8/26/2003 |
8/25/2004 |
$39,661 |
$0 |
$39,661 |
|
|
| CESS |
Center
on Disability and Community Inclusion |
Cloninger,
Chigee J. |
Vermont
AHS Department of Health |
Continence
Project |
7/1/2002 |
6/30/2003 |
$18,518 |
$1,482 |
$20,000 |
|
|
| CESS |
Center
on Disability and Community Inclusion |
Cloninger,
Chigee J. |
Vermont
AHS Department of Developmental & Mental Health Services |
Training
and Technical Assistance |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$50,236 |
$4,018 |
$54,254 |
|
|
| CESS |
Dean's
Office College of Education and Social Services |
Tarule,
Jill M. |
Winooski
School District |
Professional
Development Support in Educational Technology Integration: Winooski School
District |
7/1/2003 |
12/31/2003 |
$7,000 |
$0 |
$7,000 |
|
|
| CESS |
Dean's
Office College of Education and Social Services |
Tarule,
Jill M. |
Vermont Department of Education |
Higher
Education Collaborative |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$68,941 |
$5,514 |
$74,455 |
|
|
| CESS |
Education
Department |
Koliba,
Christopher |
Vermont Department of Education |
High
Schools on the Move through Service Learning |
5/19/2003 |
9/30/2003 |
$5,729 |
$458 |
$6,187 |
|
|
| CESS |
Education
Department |
Koliba,
Christopher |
Paul
(Josepine Bay & Michael C) Fdn |
State
Coordination, Policy Development, and Research |
7/1/2003 |
12/31/2004 |
$69,444 |
$5,556 |
$75,000 |
|
|
| CESS |
Education
Department |
Proulx,
Raymond J. |
Brown
University |
Northeast
Regional Lab at Brown University |
12/15/2002 |
12/14/2003 |
$11,269 |
$902 |
$12,171 |
|
|
| CESS |
Social
Work |
Burford,
Gale |
Vermont
AHS Department of Social & Rehabilitaional Services (SRS) |
Foster
Adoptive Parent Training |
7/1/2002 |
6/30/2003 |
$10,000 |
$800 |
$10,800 |
|
|
| CESS |
Social
Work |
Burford,
Gale |
Vermont
AHS Department of Social & Rehabilitaional Services (SRS) |
State
Social & Rehabilitation Services Contract |
7/1/2002 |
6/30/2003 |
$19,200 |
$1,536 |
$20,736 |
|
|
| CEM |
Mathematics
and Statistics |
Golden,
Kenneth I. |
National
Science Foundation |
Collaborative
Research: Research on Strongly Coupled Plasmas |
9/1/2003 |
8/31/2004 |
$31,023 |
$15,977 |
$47,000 |
|
|
| CEM |
Mechanical
Engineering |
Huston,
Dryver R. |
Department
of Transportation |
Measurement
of Electromagnetic Characteristics of Ground Penetration Radars |
6/1/2003 |
1/31/2005 |
$284,505 |
$76,995 |
$361,500 |
|
|
| CEM |
Mechanical
Engineering |
Iatridis,
James |
National
Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases/NIH/DHHS |
Load
Induced Disc Degeneration in a Model |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$106,450 |
$8,516 |
$114,966 |
|
|
| COM |
Anatomy
and Neurobiology |
Forehand,
Cynthia J. |
National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke/NIH/DHHS |
Pattern
Formation in the Sympathetic Nervous System |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$237,500 |
$112,528 |
$350,028 |
|
|
| COM |
Anatomy
and Neurobiology |
Nishi,
Rae |
National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke/NIH/DHHS |
Mechanisms
of Trophic Molecules in Neuronal Development |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$225,000 |
$114,750 |
$339,750 |
|
|
| COM |
Biochemistry |
Morrical,
Scott W. |
National
Institute of General Medical Sciences/NIH/DHHS |
Assembly
and Activation of Enzyme-ssDNA Complexes |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$235,000 |
$96,820 |
$331,820 |
|
|
| COM |
Dean's
Office College of Medicine |
Reardon,
Mildred A. |
Fletcher
Allen Community Health Foundation |
Diabetes
Coordinating Council |
1/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$35,000 |
$0 |
$35,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Family
Practice |
Little,
David N. |
Health
Resources and Services Administration/DHHS |
Predoctoral
Training Grant in Family Practice |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$75,000 |
$6,000 |
$81,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Medical
Biostatistics |
Single,
Richard |
University
of California at Berkeley |
Histocompatibility
Working Group Core B: Biostatistics |
9/1/2002 |
6/30/2003 |
$29,441 |
$15,162 |
$44,603 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Ades,
Philip |
National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Exercise
and Weight Loss in Obese Coronary Patients |
9/1/2003 |
8/31/2004 |
$250,000 |
$128,750 |
$378,750 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Davis,
Gerard S. |
National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Mechanisms
of Pulmonary Fibrosis Caused by Silica |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$200,000 |
$102,000 |
$302,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Jetton,
Tom |
American
Diabetes Association, Inc. |
Mechanisms
of Compensating Beta Cell Mass Expansion to Insulin Resistance |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$86,957 |
$13,043 |
$100,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Kelm,
Robert |
National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Regulation
of Cell Proliferation |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$169,600 |
$87,344 |
$256,944 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Lewinter,
Martin M. |
National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Mechanoenergetics
of Hypertrophy and Failure |
7/15/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$250,000 |
$128,750 |
$378,750 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Segal,
Alan |
National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH/DHHS |
ATP
- Sensitive K Channel in Renal Proximal Tubule |
8/1/2003 |
5/31/2004 |
$167,125 |
$86,069 |
$253,194 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Toth,
Michael J. |
National
Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases/NIH/DHHS |
Skeletal
Muscle Protein Metabolism in Heart Failure |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$106,532 |
$8,363 |
$114,895 |
|
|
| COM |
Medicine |
Van
Buren, Peter |
National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Contractile
Dysfunction in Ischemic Heart Disease |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$225,000 |
$107,338 |
$332,338 |
|
|
| COM |
Molecular
Physiology and Biophysics |
Maughan,
David W. |
National
Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases/NIH/DHHS |
Myosin-Based
Kinetic Differences between Muscle Types |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$235,000 |
$94,400 |
$329,400 |
|
|
| COM |
Molecular
Physiology and Biophysics |
Maughan,
David W. |
National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Do
Light Chain Extensions Enhance Muscle Power Output? |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$250,000 |
$87,220 |
$337,220 |
|
|
| COM |
Molecular
Physiology and Biophysics |
Radermacher,
Michael |
National
Institute of General Medical Sciences/NIH/DHHS |
3D
Structures of Membrane Protein Complexes |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$200,000 |
$103,000 |
$303,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Neurology |
Eckenstein,
Felix |
National
Institute on Aging/NIH/DHHS |
Neurotrophic
Support in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$237,350 |
$122,235 |
$359,585 |
|
|
| COM |
Neurology |
Eckenstein,
Felix |
University
of Arkansas |
Axonal
Growth in the Chronically Injured Spinal Cord |
4/1/2003 |
3/31/2004 |
$16,346 |
$8,418 |
$24,764 |
|
|
| COM |
Office
of Health Promotion Research |
Solomon,
Laura J. |
University
of Alabama at Birmingham |
Smoke-Free
Families Project |
4/1/2003 |
4/30/2004 |
$28,812 |
$2,593 |
$31,405 |
|
|
|
| COM |
Pathology |
Mossman,
Brooke T. |
National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH/DHHS |
Environmental
Pathology Training Grant |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$346,542 |
$21,447 |
$367,989 |
|
|
| COM |
Pathology |
Tracy, Russell
P. |
National Heart,
Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Subclinical
Cardiovascular Disease Study: Special Laboratory Center |
1/14/1999 |
1/14/2009 |
$730,450 |
$117,918 |
$848,368 |
|
|
| COM |
Pediatrics |
Contompasis,
Stephen |
Health
Resources and Services Administration/DHHS |
The
Vermont Interdisciplinary Leadership Education for Health Professionals
Program |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$355,871 |
$24,129 |
$380,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Pediatrics |
Shaw,
Judith S. |
Vermont
AHS Department of Health |
Vermont
Statewide Public and Private Partnership for Improvement in Maternal and
Children's Health |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$1,345,674 |
$493,693 |
$1,839,367 |
|
|
| COM |
Pharmacology |
Damon,
Deborah |
American
Heart Association |
Vascular
Mechanisms Underlying Sympathetic Innervation of Blood Vessels |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$54,545 |
$5,455 |
$60,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Pharmacology |
Nelson,
Mark T. |
National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Coronary
Artery Regulation by Ca2+ Signaling and Estrogen |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$250,000 |
$127,500 |
$377,500 |
|
|
| COM |
Pharmacology |
Nelson,
Mark T. |
Glaxo
Foundation |
Action
of K(ATP) Channel Openers on Membrane Potential and Action Potential
Frequency in Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle |
5/1/2003 |
4/30/2004 |
$13,636 |
$1,364 |
$15,000 |
|
|
| COM |
Psychiatry |
Marsch,
Lisa |
National
Institute on Drug Abuse/NIH/DHHS |
Computer-Assisted
HIV Prevention for Young Drug Abusers |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$250,000 |
$73,583 |
$323,583 |
|
|
| COM |
Surgery |
Zvara,
Peter |
National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/NIH/DHHS |
Bladder
Outlet Obstruction Induced Neuroplasticity |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2004 |
$92,250 |
$7,380 |
$99,630 |
|
|
| COM |
Vermont
Cancer Center |
Krag,
David N. |
National
Cancer Institute/NIH/DHHS |
Sentinel
Node Versus Axillary Dissection in Breast Cancer |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$545,034 |
$280,693 |
$825,727 |
|
|
| CNHS |
Dean's
Office College of Nursing & Health Sciences |
Rambur,
Betty |
Vermont
Agency of Human Services (AHS) |
Center
for Nursing |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$74,627 |
$20,373 |
$95,000 |
|
|
| CNHS |
Physical
Therapy |
Wu,
Ge |
Integrated
Biomedical Systems |
Early
Detection of Falls with Multidimensional Sensors |
7/1/2003 |
12/31/2003 |
$10,843 |
$5,584 |
$16,427 |
|
|
| General Institutional |
Admissions
& Financial Aid |
Honeman,
Donald M. |
New
Visions for Public Schools |
Collaboration
with the New Century High Schools Consortium |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2007 |
$296,000 |
$24,000 |
$320,000 |
|
|
| General Institutional |
Extension
System |
Leonard,
Colleen |
Vermont
Dairy Herd Improvement Associations, Inc. (DHIA) |
Dairy
Records Analysis and Interpretation |
10/31/2002 |
11/1/2003 |
$2,500 |
$0 |
$2,500 |
|
|
| General Institutional |
VP
for Student Affairs |
Johnson,
Richard |
Department
of Education |
Upward
Bound Program |
9/1/2003 |
8/31/2004 |
$220,926 |
$13,698 |
$234,624 |
|
|
| MMG |
|
Wallace,
Susan S. |
Department
of Energy |
DOE
DEPSCOR Initiative in Structural Biology and Computation
Biology/Bioinformatics |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$495,050 |
$254,950 |
$750,000 |
|
|
| SNR |
|
Bowden,
William B. |
National
Science Foundation |
Will
Climate Change Affect Hyporheic Processes in Arctic Streams? An Assessment of Interactions Among
Geomorphology, Hydrology and Biogeochemistry in Arctic Stream Networks |
8/1/2003 |
7/31/2006 |
$500,390 |
$108,318 |
$608,708 |
|
|
| SNR |
|
DeHayes,
Donald H. |
Vermont
ANR Department of Fish & Wildlife |
Agreement
for Establishment and Operation of the Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Unit |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2004 |
$40,000 |
$0 |
$40,000 |
|
|
| SNR |
|
DeHayes,
Donald H. |
Forest
Service/Department of Agriculture |
The
Influence of Silvicultural Selection on the Genetic Diversity, Productivity,
and Long-Term Sustainability of White Pine: A Case Study in Jericho, Vermont |
7/1/2003 |
6/30/2006 |
$8,000 |
$0 |
$8,000 |
|
|
| SNR |
|
Parrish,
Donna L. |
Green
Mountain National Forest/Department of Agriculture |
Population
Modeling for Batten Kill Brown Trout: Focus on Survival of Midsize Trout |
4/1/2003 |
3/31/2004 |
$26,087 |
$3,913 |
$30,000 |
|
|
| SNR |
|
Troy, Austin |
Forest
Service/Department of Agriculture |
Spatial
Analysis of Urban Ecological and Social Data |
6/1/2003 |
5/31/2006 |
$10,000 |
$0 |
$10,000 |
|
|
| SNR |
|
Wilson,
Matthew |
Forest
Service/Department of Agriculture |
Baltimore
Metropolitan Region Quality of Life Survey |
6/16/2003 |
6/16/2004 |
$40,000 |
$0 |
$40,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| TOTAL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$10,803,401 |
$3,364,117 |
$14,167,518 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|