Second Exam, AGRI 85
Thursday, April 1, 2004
1. Imagine you are hired by The National Fisheries Bureau to get data
on the current state of the Cod fishery of George’s Bank off the New
England coast. During the summer you catch codfish, measure their
length and weight, and return them to the sea. At the end of the
summer you have 1,386 measurements arranged as in the table below:
Cod Weight
Length in
Number in Grams Centimeters
1
3789
52
2
6321
73
3
4965
61
.
.
.
.
.
.
1,386 1977
23
Which of the following graph types would best show the distribution of
lengths of your catch?
A) Bar Chart
B) Line Graph
C) X-Y Scatter Plot
D) Histogram
E) Pie Chart
2. Following along from the previous question, which of the following
data types or classifications best fits the length and weight data
above?
A) Ordinal Data
B) Continuous Measurement Data
C) Meristic Data
D) Nominal or Attribute Data
E) Categorical Data
3. Imagine you are interested in percent body fat and exercise.
You collect the following data from 456 randomly selected students at
UVM:
Percent Hours of
vigorous
Student
Body Exercise
(raise heart rate 50%)
Number Fat
Per Week
1
17
5
2
21
0
3
22
2
.
.
.
.
.
.
456
18 3
Which of the following graph types would best show any relationship
between Percent Body Fat and Exercise?
A) Pie Chart
B) Bar Graph
C) Line Graph
D) Histogram
E) X-Y Scatter Plot
4. Which one of the following graph types best describes the graph
above?
A) Bar Chart
B) Line Graph
C) X-Y Scatter plot
D) Radar graph
E) Curve graph
5. Which of the following would be the best interpretation of the above
graph?
A) Countries that have a high birth rate tend to have a high GNP.
B) The graph proves that increasing the GNP will raise the
birthrate in a country.
C) Of the countries listed there is a weak inverse relationship between
birth rate and GNP.
D) Countries that have a low birth rate have a low GNP.
E) There is no relationship between birth rate and GNP.
6. Imagine a friend from this class comes to you for help with
his web page. He created his web page using Netscape composer
version 6.2 that he downloaded and installed from the university’s
software archive. Your friend created his web page and everything
was working on his machine. He was able to view the image on his
page in his room on his own PC with either Netscape Navigator, or
Internet Explorer. But, when he went to the computer lab, or the
library, or any of his friend’s computers, the image would not come up
on the page. Here’s the source code from his file created with
Netscape composer:
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;
charset=ISO-8859-1">
</head>
<body>
<div align="Center">Test Question<br>
<img src="file:///C:/My%20Work/Foundations/spring2004/test1.jpg"
alt="alt"
width="700" height="473">
<br>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Refer to the picture below:
6. According to the HTML code above, where will the browser look for
the image file?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) None of the above
7. Following along from the previous question, where on the
picture above SHOULD the image file be stored?
A) A
B) B
C) C
D) A or B
E) None of the above
8. Imagine you go to work for an electronics company that designs
CD and MP3 players. The information coding for the strength of
the air pressure wave that causes a sound is coded in binary. One
of the codes is 0001010. Which of the following binary numbers
would code for a pressure wave that was twice as strong?
A) 0002020
B) 0010100
C) 0001100
D) 0022000
E) 0001011
9. Imagine a fellow classmate comes to you for help. She
says that the Camel’s Hump image on her web page is not coming up when
she goes to view the file in Netscape. The source code for her
file is as follows:
<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>My
Picture</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY BACKGROUND=Sky3.gif>
<CENTER> <H1>My Favorite Mountain</H1>
<IMG SRC=CamelsHump.bmp></BODY> </HTML>
Which of the following best explains why the image is not visible in
Netscape?
A) Netscape will not display .bmp (bit mapped) files (although IE will).
B) The image filename must be in lower case letters.
C) The server is temporarily down. Wait a while and try again.
D) The image tag must be inside of the to Head tags at the top of the
code.
E) <PRE> must be used surrounding the image tag to display
in Netscape.
10. Imagine you were hired by NASA to design an imaging system
for a new space probe to Mars. The imaging system NASA officials
have in mind must be able to distinguish 512 different shades of
brightness for each pixel in the images the sensor captures. What
is the minimum number of bits that can be used to code for each pixel?
A) 7
B) 9
C) 13
D) 64
E) 512
11. Which of the following tags are used to create a list of
numbered items (1., 2., 3., etc.)?
A) <OL>
B) <UL>
C) <NL>
D) <IL>
E) <LI>
12. Which of the following tags would be the correct tag to take
the image of Ira Allen Chapel (ira.jpg) and make it into a link on a
web page so that when you click on the chapel, the UVM page comes up?
A) <IMG SRC=ira.jp/http://www.uvm.edu>
B) <A HREF=http://www.uvm.edu><IMG SRC=ira.jpg></A>
C) <Link=www.uvm.edu><IMG SCR=ira.jpg></LINK>
D) <A HREF=www.uvm.edu><ira.jpg></A HREF>
E) <IMG SRC=ira.jpg>http://www.uvm.edu</IMG>
13. Imagine you are helping out a friend create his first web
page. He writes the HTML code using pico on zoo in his
public_html directory. Next he opens Internet Explorer and goes
to his zoo http://www.uvm.edu/~friend/firstpage.html but instead of
seeing the web page he gets a “Forbidden” error message. Which of
the following best explains what went wrong?
A) He accidentally uploaded the wrong file
B) Zoo is temporarily down, try again later
C) The file permissions need to be changed on his firstwebpage.html file
D) He accidentally uploaded his firstpage.html file into his home
directory instead of his public_html directory
E) All of the above are a possible explanation of the “Forbidden” error
message
14. Which of the following best describes how Image Compression
was accomplished by the voyager space probe, as described in the
assigned reading on line?
A) Only every other pixel was sent back to earth from
Voyager, and the missing pixels were interpolated to match the other
pixels.
B) The first pixel in each image row was sent back as
a reference, but only the difference in brightness of adjacent pixels
was sent back for the remaining pixels in the row.
C) A reduced color palette of 128 colors (7-bits) was
used instead of the 24-bit per pixel.
D) A run-time algorithm was used to record the number
of pixels with exactly the same brightness in the row.
E) The sum of all the 1 bits was sent along with each
packet of image data that was downloaded to earth.
15. Imagine you are creating a web page and you find this really
sweet image of a sunrise that you want to use in your page. You
decide to include the tag <IMG
SRC=http://www.photos.org/sunrise.jpg> in your web page. Which
of the following is the main advantage of using this tag instead of
using a tag like <IMG SRC=sunrise.jpg>?
A) The first tag method will always load the image
faster than the second method.
B) The first tag method is safer because the image is
stored on its own server.
C) The first tag method is less likely to break any
copyright laws on images.
D) The first tag method is more precise because it
locates the image in cyberspace.
E) The first tag method will save disk space in your
web directory or folder.
16. Following along from the previous question, which of the
following is an advantage of using the tag <IMG SRC=sunrise.jpg>
instead of the longer tag in the previous question?
A) The image will always load faster than the longer tag method.
B) The image is safer because it’s in your directory, you don’t need to
worry that someone might remove or alter, or change file permissions on
the image.
C) You have the option of changing the file name if you want with this
method, where you are stuck with the sunrise.jpg name if you use the
other longer tag.
D) All of the above are advantages of using the short tag version.
E) None of the above is an advantage.
17. Which of the following is the binary equivalent
to the decimal number 55?
A) 100111
B) 111011
C) 101001
D) 110111
E) 101111
18. According to the assigned reading How Hackers Break In And
How They Are Caught, which of the following was the way that the
villain Abednego broke through the firewall and gained access to the
victim’s computer systems?
A) He walked into the victim’s office and removed the
hard drive from one of the PCs while no one was in the office.
B) He used the “Strobe” port scanner to find an unprotected open port
into the victim’s web server.
C) He dialed into an unauthorized modem attached to one of the victim’s
company’s phones and used a brute-force password guesser to learn the
login name and password.
D) He used a core-dump function to download a section of memory from
one of the PCs and gain the password.
E) He bribed the custodian of the company to let him in the backdoor of
the building and into the machine room where he created a secret
account for himself.
19. You get a summer job in a research laboratory that is
examining the effects on car fuel efficiency (miles per gallon) of
corn-based ethanol. 3521 cars are used in the study. For
each car, five different mixtures of gasoline and ethanol are
used. Miles per gallon fuel efficiency is recorded for each of
five trials on the 3521 cars. A section of the data table of the
results is shown below:
Car Miles per
Gallon Percentage of corn-based
ethanol in a full tank of fuel
Number Regular Gas, no
additive 5%
10%
15% 20% 25%
1
28.6
27.2
27.5
26.7 29.4
32.1
2
17.6
15.4
16.2 17.2
22.5 25.1
3
41.9
42.5
44.9
43.5
42.4 38.7
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
3521
37.2
37.3 38.1
37.9
36.4 35.1
Which of the following graph types would best show the effects of the
five different percentages of corn-based ethanol treatments on the
distribution of fuel efficiencies of the 3521 cars in a single graph?
A) Box plot for each percentage of ethanol
B) X-Y scatter plot color coded by percentage of
ethanol
C) Stacked bar chart with the percentages of ethanol
stacked
D) Histogram of the mileage
E) Pie chart of the percentages
20. Imagine you are examining the binary code of a single color
pixel in a bit-mapped .bmp image file. The 24-bit pixel code is
as follows: 11111111 11111111
00000000. Which of the following is closest to the color of this
pixel?
A) Red
B) Cyan
C) Yellow
D) Magenta
E) Green
Answers:
1. D
2. B
3. E
4. C
5. C
6. A
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. B
11. A
12. B
13. C
14. B
15. E
16. D
17. D
18. C
19. A
20. C