Increasingly, high tunnels (unheated plastic hoop houses) are used
to overcome unpredictable climate events. These structures allow
growers to extend the growing season, providing conditions in which
to grow crops that otherwise would not survive. Early tomatoes and
winter greens are commonly grown, but competition among growers for
a limited market is high. This led us to consider other lucrative
crops. One is SAFFRON, the most expensive spice in the world
($5,000/lb retail). Saffron—stigmas of a fall-blooming crocus—is
also known for its medicinal properties as an anti-carcinogen and to
combat depression and reduce cholesterol. Over 25 tons of saffron
was imported to the US in 2013. Saffron is hardy to USDA zone 5/6,
though it is doubtful it would provide high yields if grown outside.
In 2015 we conducted the first VT trial, growing saffron in plastic
milk crates and raised beds in a high tunnel. Yield surpassed that
reported for key saffron-growing areas (1.39 gr/sq. m (VT) compared
to 0.6 gr (Spain fields). The retail price of organic saffron in
Vermont is $19/gr. Based on our yield, saffron could generate
$100,000/acre. We estimate the net revenue per sq. ft from saffron
at $4.03, compared to $3.51 for tomatoes, and $1.81 for winter
greens. Saffron produced in these trials was analyzed to compare
crocin and saffranal content. We determined that in general the
saffron produced in the Vermont high tunnel was comparable to that
from Iran, Spain, Pennsylvania and Italy. This project has generated
significant interest among growers and the press. Work is continuing
to further confirm the suitability of in-crate saffron production,
and assess the economic feasibility and markets for saffron. |