CONDITIONALS

• SUBJUNCTIVES
• SHOULD-WOULD Conditionals:
• Present Subjunctive in both protasis and apodosis.
• Has no implication as to whether the protasis is or is not true, but it entertains the hypothesis that the protasis might occur.
  
• Translated "... should ... would ... .
• Example
• Si hoc facias, illud faciam = If you should do this, I would do that.
• Present Unreal (aka Present Contrary-to-Fact)
• Imperfect Subjunctive in both protasis and apodosis
• Implies that the protasis is definitely not true.
• Example
• Si hoc faceres, illud facerem = "If you were doing this, I would be doing that."
• You can always add in after each clause ("but that's not the case")
• Si hoc faceres, illud facerem = "If you were doing this (but that's not the case), I would be doing that (but that's not the case."
• Past Unreal (aka Past Contrary-to-Fact)
• Pluperfect Subjunctive in both protasis and apodosis
• Implies that the protasis is definitely not true.
• Example
• Si hoc fecisses, illud fecissem = "If you had done this, I would have done that."
• You can always add in after each clause ("but that's not the case")
• Si hoc fecisses, illud fecissem = = "If you had done this (but that's not the case), I would have done that (but that's not the case."
• INDICATIVES
• Using the indicative implies absolutely nothing about whether or not the protasis is the case: it does not even entertain it as a hypothesis. Rather, it emphasizes the logical relation between the protasis and apodosis.
  
• These are just like English conditionals with the following caveat:
• When Latin talks about the future, it really likes to use the future perfect wherever it makes logical sense.
• Example:
• Si hoc facero, illud dices = If I will have done this, you will say that.
• Note that the doing must precede the saying, and so the future perfect makes logical sense.
• Note too that English usually does not use the future perfect: it is more natural to say "If I do this, I will say that."