• 0. YOUR NAME: _______________________ (PUT IT IN THE EXAM BOOKLET TOO)
  
• I. Short Identifications: 3 POINTS EACH
  
• give as much information as you can, among which might be:
  
•  what role this character plays,
  
• place of origin/home,
  
• relationships to other characters,
  
• passages/plot points where this character plays a role
  
• characteristics that make this character memorable
  
• Do 3 of the following:
• Telamonian Ajax
• Greek
  
• from Salamis
• half brother of Teucer, archer who hides behind A's shield
  
• cousin of Achilles
• has huge shield
• duels Hector
• never has an aristeia
• defends ship
  
• Aeneas
• Trojan
• twice rescued by Aphrodite, his mom
• father Anchises
  
• Elpenor
• Greek
• on Odysseus crew
• died falling off roof at Circe's place
• met Od. in land of the dead and asked for burial
• very young
  
• Sarpedon
• son of Zeus
• died at Patroclus' hands while Pat. was wearing Achilles' armor
  
• Zeus considered saving him
• Hera said he shouldn't
  
• preserved his body while armies fought over corpse
  
• Do 3 of the following:
• Klytaemnestra
• wife of Agamemnon
• sister of Helen
• dtr of Zeus and Leda
  
• had affair w/Aegisthus during Trojan War
• Agamemnon killed on return from war
• mentioned in Telemacheia when Nestor and Menelaus give news of returns of Heroes.
  
• Eurykleia
• Od. nurse, and Telemachus' too
• very old in Odyssey
• recognized disguised Od by his scar
• helps Ody and Telemachus
  
• Antinoos
• one of two chief suitors
• his father was Od.'s guest friend
• killed first
• plots against Telemachus
  
• Demodocus
• blind bard
• in Alcinoos' court
• on Phaeacian island
• sings about Trojan war
• makes Od. cry
  
• Do 3 of the following:
• Circe
• goddess/witch
• turns Od's men into swine
• Od resists, instructed by Hermes
• instructs Od how to visit land of dead and more
  
• Proteus
• old man of the sea
• menelaus wrestles him in egypt
• tells Menelaus about fortunes of other heroes
  
• Astyanax
• son of Hector and Andromache
• when Hector goes back into Troy armed, Astyanax cries b/c he's scared of his father
• also called skamandros
• astyanax means "city lord"
  
• Nausicaa
• young marriageable daughter of Alkinoos
• given dream to go do laundry at sea shore
• meets naked Od washed up on shore
• instructs him how to approach king and queen
• obviously being set up as possible bride for Od
  
• Do 1 of the following
• Ares
• god of war
• Diomedes wounds him in Il.
• trapped in net with Aphrodite by her husband Hephaestus
  
• Iris
• messenger/rainbow goddess
• gives Zeus' messages to mortals
  
• Aiolos
• isle of winds
• gives Od bag of winds
• his men untie the bag b/c greedy, let winds out
• refuses to help Od when he returns to Aiolos' land
  
• Phenomena: give full information about these phenomena, which often includes but is not limited to:
• 1) definition of the phenomenon
  
• 2) explanation of the phenomenon's importance and relevance to the material of this course
  
• 3) other highly relevant facets
• Do 3 of the following
• Milman Parry
• scholar early 20th c.
• founder of oral studies of Homer
  
• Doloneia
• night-time spying
  
• book 10 of Iliad
• Dolon is Trojan spy
• Od and Diomedes are Greek spies
• Dolon is promised horses of Achilles to spy
• Dolon is killed in spite of promise not to kill him
  
• The Epic Cycle
• a group of works, almost entirely lost
• survive in summaries by Proclus
• contain the entire story of the Trojan war
• also contain Theban epic, Argonautica, etc.
• all in hexameter
• much faster-paced and simpler plot-wise than Il. and Od.
  
• Supplication
• a type scene
• a request
• indicated by gestures: on one's knees, hand on knee and beard of the person being supplicated
• Priam supplicates Achilles, Thetis supplicates Zeus, various warriors supplicate other warriors,
  

• II. Plot Questions: 5 POINTS EACH
  
• Do 2 of the following: as always, the more detail, the better, but mind the time.
  
• Recount the Telemacheia's plot from planning to return
• Telemachus receives Athena/Mentes at Ithaca
• Leaves by ship on journey to Peloponnese to visit Nestor and Menelaus
• received hospitably and told stories of other heroes, but not Od., at courts of Nestor and Menelaus
• on return the suitors plan to kill him
• he avoids their plot
• Athena helps him thruout
  
• Recount Patroclus' death
• Pat begs Achilles to help Greeks, b/c Trojans have pushed them back to the ships
• Achilles lets Pat borrow Achilles' armor and isntructs him to only defend not go on offensive
• Pat has big aristeia, kills Sarpedon, and pushes Trojans way back
• a Trojan and a god make Pat vulnerable, so Hector kills him and strips Achilles' armor
• Greeks rescue body
• Recount Odysseus' visit to the land of the dead, from planning to return
• Circe gives him instructions and tells him he must go there
• he goes, sacrifices a ram and holds back other shades from drinking blood until Tiresias drinks
• gets info and then talks to all manner of people, including his mom, Achilles, Agamemnon, etc.
• dead Elpenor asks for burial
• returns to Cicrce's isle to bury Elpenor
  
• III. Snippets: 5 POINTS EACH
  
• Identify the passage in terms of 1) plot and structure of the work; 2) any literarily important devices, with specifics; 3) applications of other phenomena we have learned about in this course.

• DO 3:
  
• 1. in Telemacheia when Menelaus is addressing Telemachus: guest friendship, working in of surrounding stories, etc.
  
• "They say
  Achilles' son led home the Myrmidons,
  and Philoctetes came back home with glory.
  And Idomeneus led backhis crew
  to Crete; nomanofhis who had survived
  the war was lost at sea.And Agamemnon?
  You must have heard, though you live far away.
  Aigisthus murdered him! But he has paid
  a bitter price. How fortunate the dead man
  had left a son to take revenge upon
  the wicked, scheming killer, that Aigisthus,
  who killed Orestes' father. My dear boy,
  I see that you are tall and strong. Be brave,
  so you will be remembered."
• 2. Priam brings Hector's corpse back to Troy, Cassandra, the prophetess dtr of Priam who is fated never to be believed, notices them and cries out
  
• No one in Troy, man or woman, saw them before
  Cassandra, who stood like golden Aphrodite
  On Pergamum's height. Looking out she saw
  Her dear father standing in the chariot
  With the herald, and then she saw Hector
  Lying on the stretcher in the mule cart.
  And her cry went out through all the city
• 3. Thersites, a lowly soldier of the ranks, berates Agamemnnon, speaks truth to power, and is whacked by Odysseus
  
• "What's wrong, son of Atreus, something you need?
  Your huts are filled with bronze, and with women
  We Achaeans pick out and give to you first of all
  Whenever we take some town. Are you short of gold?
  Maybe some Trojan horse breeder will bring you some
  Out of Ilion as ransom for his son
  Whom I or some other Achaean has captured.
  Maybe it's a young girl for you to make love to
  And keep off somewhere for yourself. It's not right
  For a lead to march out troops into trouble.
  You Achaeans are a disgrace, Achaean women, not men!
  Let's sail home in our ships and leave him here
  To stew over his prizes so he'll have a chance to see
  Whether he needs our help or not. Furthermore,
  He dishonored Achilles, who's a much better man.
  Achilles doesn't have an angry bone in his body,
  Or this atrocity would be your last, son of Atreus."
  ...Odysseus was on him in a flash...
  
• 4. Hermes leads suitors' shades to land of the dead
  
• He led the spirits and they followed, squeaking
  like bats in secret crannies of a cave,
  who cling together, and when one becomes
  detached and falls down from the rock, the rest
  flutter and squeak--just so the spirits squeaked,
  and hurried after Hermes,lord of healing.
  On open roads they crossed the Ocean stream,
  went past the rocks of Leucas and the gates
  of Helius the Sun, and skittered through
  the provinces of dreams, and soon arrived
  in fields of asphodel, the home of shadows
  who have been worn to weariness bylife.
  They found Achilles' ghost there, and Patroclus,
  and Ajax, the most handsome of the Greeks
  after unmatched Achilles. Agamemnon
  had just arrived to join them, in deep grief
  for his own death, and with him came the others
  killed by Aigisthus and his bodyguards.
• IV. Map Labeling and Dates: 2POINTS EACH
  
• Fill in the dates:
  

  ___Trojan war__________________________	1184 BCE
  Mycenaean Greece	about __1600__-__1200____ BC: the last part of the Greek Bronze age
  _____fall of the palace cultures of eastern Mediterranean________________________	1200-1150 BC
  Greek Dark Age/Geometric Period	___1150-800_____ - ________BC
  Greek Archaic Age	circa __800____ BC to __480___ BC (when the Persians were repulsed for the second time)
  Homer	if there was a "Homer," he lived in the ___8___th century BC

• Put your name on the accompanying map and label the following:
  
• Boeotia
• Athens
• Ithaca
• Mycenae
• Pylos
• Argos
  
• V. What are some significant moral problems with the ethical systems you see operating in these epics? 10 POINTS

IF YOU DO THE MATH, YOU WILL NOTE THAT THE POINTS ADD UP TO 104: I'LL STOP COUNTING IF YOU REACH 100.