Things to know about the final.
The final will probably take you the whole time allowed. It will
certainly not include everything listed below, but whatever is not
listed below will not be on the final.
Facts: there will be no choice on
these: you must do all that appear on the exam to get full credit:
Wikipedia, the source of all known true verifiable proven reliable
and infallible facts, is where you can find these facts (I think: if
not, please fell free to add them to Wikipedia).
- Aristotle's birth and death dates.
- Where was Aristotle from (i.e. why is he called the
Stagirite?)?
- What relation did Aristotle have to Alexander the Great?
- What was the name of the school which Aristotle founded in
Athens?
- Who was Aristotle's most famous teacher?
- Was Aristotle a citizen of Athens?
- What does peripatetic mean? Why is Aristotle called the
peripatetic philosopher?
The short answer items will be 5
items taken from
the bolded items in what follows. You should find
them explained to some degree in my notes. A full credit answer will
include, as appropriate, things like the following: define the thing
in question, say where Aristotle discusses it (what works, what
areas, what important questions), say how it connects to other
important aspects of A's thought. There are, obviously, other
important aspects of some of these.
You will have some choice here: for full credit, you need
not do every one of these that is on the exam. Practical tip: do
not, however, rely on the idea that you will have choice when
studying.
Aristotle vs. Aristotelianism
endoxa
phainomena
aporia
dialectic
demonstration
homonymy
metaphysics, the term itself
qua
simpliciter
category/categories
said of a subject
in a subject
subject
predicate
one-over-many
things that happen always or for the most part
substance
primary substance
primary non-substance
theoretical, practical, and productive sciences
organon
universal
particular
secondary substance
secondary non-substance
accident
essence
differentia
genus
species
potentiality
actuality
syllogism
scientific knowledge
premise
conclusion
terms of a syllogism
universal versus partial premises
AaB, AeB, AiB, and AoB
Barbara, Celarent, Darii, and Ferio
First, second, third figure
first actuality and second actuality
matter
prime matter
causes: material, efficient, final, formal
chance, luck
teleology
hylomorphism
why is it a problem for Aristotle whether definitions include
reference to matter?
what is the problem of "unity of definition"?
the tension between particular form versus universal form
knowable by nature
"knowable" to us
the principle of non-contradiction
the soul as a form
contrary opposites
contradictory opposites
to be said universally of a universal
the form and style of Aristotle's extant writings: do we have
everything that he wrote? was the rest just like what we have?
the infinite
the infinite and division
is there infinite time
is there infinite space
time
motion
elements
transformation of the elements into each other
the natural motions of the elements
change in general
the physical structure of the whole universe
the verdict on Aristotle as a scientist: limitations and virtues of
his thought in terms of what we would call "science"
PSYCHOLOGY:
soul
organs
capacities
hypothetical necessity
relation between material explanations and formal explanations of
psychic phenomena
the practical syllogism
imagination/phantasia
perception
proper object (of senses)
common objects of senses
the common sense
intellect
the "agent intellect"
desire
ETHICS:
success/happiness/flourishing/eudaimonia
virtue
moral virtues
intellectual virtues
practical wisdom
voluntary/negligent/involuntary action
moral strength
moral weakness
vice
virtues as means/middle states
choice
character
courage
justice in the narrow sense
kinds of friendship
friend as "another self"
the tension in A's ethics between the productive life and the
scientific life
POLITICS
relation of politics and ethics
natural slavery
classification of constitutions
the mixed constitution
human as political by nature
the polis
polis as natural end of human activity
totalitarianism versus autonomy
polis as an artefact that grows
good of the individual versus good of the community
good citizen versus good human
A's definition of tragedy
imitation (aka mimesis)
the tragic hero and the "tragic flaw" (aka hamartia)
anagnorisis
peripateia
rhetoric
definition of pity
There will also be short passages.
Your task is to explain the passages, why they are important, what
they are about, what they assume, what they aim to prove: all of
your answer should be in your own words. Reproducing the
argument, if there is one in the passage, in your own
words, will be the most impressive thing you can do, but that
is very hard in the time allowed, so it is not really expected. So
your primary task is to identify that claims that are particularly
Aristotelian and connect them to Aristotle's thought: what is it
about, why is it important, how does it fit into the grander scheme
of Aristotle's thought/Aristotelianism. Using the list of concepts
above will help.