Herodotus Books 6-9

Book 6

1-5 Histiaeus joins Ionian revolt; piracy at Byzantium
6-18 Ionian preparations and battle of Lade; Miletus falls
19-25 Previous oracle, Sybaris, Samians at Zancle, Samos spared
26-30 Histiaeus dies
31-33 Persians and Phoenicians subdue and punish the Ionians
34-140 Aftermath of Ionian revolt
       34-41 Background: Miltiades and his nephew Miltiades in the Chersonese; Miltiades the younger escapes to Athens
       42 Ionian peace and tribute imposed
       43-45 Mardonius imposes democracies in Ionia; fleet wrecked on Athos and army destroyed by the Brygi
       46-47 Darius demands earth and water from the Greeks; the Aeginetans comply
       50-93 Cleomenes the Spartan, Aegina, and Athens
              50 Cleomenes opposed by Aegina and Demaratus at Sparta
               51-60 Background; Spartan kingship and description of customs
               61-72 Story of Demaratus, his deposition by Cleomenes, and the fate of his successor, Leotychides
               73-84 Later fate of Cleomenes; history of his enmity with Argos
               85-93 Enmity of Athens and Aegina; Leotychides' speech
                       85-86 Aegina cannot get hostages back
                       87-93 Previous conflicts between Athens and Aegina
94-120 Preparation and Persian expedition to Marathon
       94 Datis and Artaphernes replace Mardonius as commanders
       95-101 Persian capture of Eretrians on Euboea
       102 Persians go to Marathon
       103-104 Background of Miltiades
       105-106 Athenians send Pheidippides to Sparta; vision of Pan
       107 Hippias' dream
       108 Why Plataea had become an ally of Athens and came to help at Marathon
       109-120 The battle and its aftermath; Spartans view the battlefield
121-131 Defense of the Alcmaeonidae
       121-124 The shield signal
       125 Alcmaeon's visit to Croesus
       126-131 Marriage of Megacles and Agariste, daughter of Cleisthenes of Sicyon; their descendants
132-136 Miltiades' attempt at Paros and his death
137-140 Pendant: background of Lemnos and Athens; Miltiades' capture of Lemnos

Book 7

1-19 Darius dies; Xerxes becomes king; deliberations in Persian about war
       1 Darius' plans for revenge
       2-4 Demaratus' advice to Xerxes on succession
       5-19 Planning whether or not to attack Greece, and a number of dreams
20-25 Preparations; construction of the Mt. Athos canal
26-131 Xerxes' march to Thessaly
       26-32 Xerxes' march from Cappadocia to Sardis; Pythius' offer
       33-36 Artayctes; bridges across the Hellespont
       37-43 Sardis to Abydus; Pythius punished
       44-56 Review of the fleet at Abydus; conversation with Artabanus, passage of the Hellespont
       57-104 From the Hellespont to Doriscus in Thrace
               57-59 Review of the army and navy: 61-83 (infantry), 84-88 (cavalry), 89-99 (navy), 100 (review)
       101-104 Conversation between Xerxes and Demaratus
       105-127 March to the confines of Greece (Doriscus to Therma)
       128-131 Xerxes' trip to Pieria; excursion to Tempe
132-178 Preparations of the Greeks
       132-137 Xerxes' demand for earth and water from Greek states
       138-144 Athens consults oracles and agonizes; Themistocles and fleet
       145-171 Greek league; spies to Xerxes; positions taken by Argos, Sicily, Corcyra, Crete
       172-174 Greeks attempt to defend Thessaly, but leave
       175-177 Greek occupation of Thermopylae and Artemisium
178-238 Encounters in northern Greece, especially Thermopylae
       178-195 Persian navy from Therma to Aphetae near Artemisium; Persian naval losses in storm off Cape Sepias
       196-200 Persian army from Therma to Malis
       201-233 Battle of Thermopylae (Xerxes and Demaratus: 209)
       234-238 Xerxes' discussions of strategy; abuse of Leonidas' corpse
239 Digression on Demaratus' earlier secret letter, announcing the expedition

Book 8

1-26 Artemisium; encounters between the Greek and Persian fleets off Euboea; more Persian losses at sea
27-39 Persians march through Boeotia and are repulsed from Delphi
40-125 Battle of Salamis
       40-64 Greeks abandon Attica; the Greek fleet at Salamis; Greek council of war; Persians in Attica
       65-69 Persians at Phalerum and Artemisia's advice
       70-83 Greeks fortify the isthmus; Themistocles forces Greeks to remain at Salamis
       84-96 Battle at Salamis
       97-125 Effects on Greek and Persian side, including Themistocles' machinations and reception at Sparta, Xerxes' decision to flee
126-129 Return of Artabazus to Mardonius; on the way he captures Olynthus and besieges Potidaea
130-132 Greek and Persian fleets at Aegina and Samos next spring; Leotychides and the Ionians
133-144 Mardonius and the Greek oracles; attempt to detach Athens from the Greek alliance by Alexander the Macedonian

Book 9

1-11 Second occupation of Athens, second offer of alliance by Mardonius; the Spartans finally march northwards
12-18 Mardonius goes from Athens to Thebes; events at Thebes in Persian camp
19-24 Greeks march to Cithaeron; death of the Persian Masistius
25-89 Battle of Plataea
       25-32 Greeks move forward; Greek and Persian battle order
       33-40 Sacrifices
       41-49 Various maneuvers before battle
       50-57 Greek council; Greeks reposition themselves
       58-75 Battle
       76-85 Aftermath on Greek side; division of the spoil
       86-88 Punishment of Thebes
       89 Return of Artabazus to Persia
90-107 Battle of Mycale
       90-96 Ionian initiative, movement of Greek and Persian fleets
       97-101 Greek landing, rumor of Plataea
       102-105 Battle
       106-107 Greek and Persian aftermaths
108-113 Xerxes' desire for his brother's wife and daughter
114-121 Athenians at Abydus and Sestus in late 479
122 Retrospective good advice of Cyrus the Great to Artayctes' ancestor and the other Persians