• Address:
  705 Spear Street
  South Burlington, Vermont 05403
  United States of America
  
  Phone: (802) 391-4135
  Email: femc@uvm.edu
  Website: www.uvm.edu/femc

Annual measurements of fall color and leaf drop to establish the timing of developmental events and trends, as a measure of forest condition (ie effects of stress events) and long-term changes (ie effects of global climate change).

• -72.865715, 44.525266
• -72.82626, 44.525266
• -72.82626, 44.532476
• -72.865715, 44.532476
• -72.865715, 44.525266

• Label: Year

• Description: Year of survey

• Storage Type: datetime

• Measurment Type: datetime
• String Format: YYYY

• Label: Species

• Description: Species observed. Note that RMS is female red maple, and RMP is male red maple.

• Storage Type: text

• Measurment Type: nominal

• Species List: Fall Color Phenology Monitoring Species Codes
• • Code: SM
  • • Definition: ITIS #28731, sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
  • Code: RMS
  • • Definition: ITIS #28728, red maple (Acer rubrum)
  • Code: WA
  • • Definition: ITIS #32931, white ash (Fraxinus americana)
  • Code: WB
  • • Definition: ITIS #19489, paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
  • Code: YB
  • • Definition: ITIS #19481, yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis)
  • Code: RMP
  • • Definition: ITIS #28728, red maple (Acer rubrum)

• Label: Elevation

• Description: Elevation of survey

• Storage Type: int

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: foot
• Precision: 1
• Unit: foot
• Number Type: integer

• Label: Day 246 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 246

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 247 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 247

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 248 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 248

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 249 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 249

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 250 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 250

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 251 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 251

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 252 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 252

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 253 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 253

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 254 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 254

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 255 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 255

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 256 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 256

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 257 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 257

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 258 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 258

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 259 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 259

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 260 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 260

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 261 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 261

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 262 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 262

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 263 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 263

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 264 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 264

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 265 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 265

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 266 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 266

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 267 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 267

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 268 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 268

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 269 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 269

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 270 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 270

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 271 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 271

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 272 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 272

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 273 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 273

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 274 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 274

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 275 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 275

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 276 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 276

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 277 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 277

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 278 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 278

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 279 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 279

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 280 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 280

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 281 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 281

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 282 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 282

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 283 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 283

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 284 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 284

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 285 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 285

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 286 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 286

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 287 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 287

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 288 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 288

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 289 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 289

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 290 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 290

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 291 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 291

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 292 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 292

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 293 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 293

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 294 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 294

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 295 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 295

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 296 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 296

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 297 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 297

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 298 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 298

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 299 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 299

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 300 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 300

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 301 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 301

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 302 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 302

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 303 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 303

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 304 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 304

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 305 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 305

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 306 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 306

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 307 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 307

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 308 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 308

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 309 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 309

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Label: Day 310 percent leaf drop

• Description: Average percent leaf drop on day-of-year 310

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: real
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 100

• Monitoring on Mount Mansfield
  • Started: 1992-07-15
    
  • Method Description: Sugar maple and yellow birch are monitored at 1400 and 2200 feet on Mansfield

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1999-07-15
    
  • Method Description: Yellow birch and paper birch at 2600 feet on Mansfield were added to represent high elevation fall phenology.

• Monitoring at Lye Brook
  • Method Description: Red maple at 1400 feet in the Lye Brook Wilderness Area was added as a southern Vermont monitoring site.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1995-07-15
    
  • Method Description: Red maple (male and female) and white ash are monitored at 1400 feet, only.

• Crown metrics
  • Started: 1991-07-15
    
  • Method Description: Visual crown ratings are recorded on 5 trees and 5 saplings (same trees as for bud development ratings).

• New color and leaf drop
  • Started: 1991-07-15
    
  • Method Description: Visual crown ratings consist of percent color other than green, transparency (%), dieback-loss of leaves (%).

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1994-07-15
    
  • Method Description: Crown density measurement was added in 1994 as a way to better estimate leaf drop.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 1991-07-15
    
  • Method Description: Initial crown ratings are recorded in July, then every other week until color and drop changes rapidly (end of September) when weekly measurements are made. Full leaf off density is used to calculate percent leaf drop at each visit.

• Unnamed Method
  • Started: 2001-07-15
    
  • Method Description: New color and leaf drop methods added to existing methods for testing. Color based on % color visible regardless of leaf drop. Added % green. Leaf drop based on visual estimate rather than measures of density, transparency or dieback. Total of color, green and leaf drop to equal 100%.