Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Cooperative

Tree Phenology Monitoring: Fall Color and Leaf Drop: Tree Phenology 92-07

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Metadata Provider

  • Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Cooperative

    • Address:
      705 Spear Street
      South Burlington, Vermont 05403
      United States of America

      Phone: (802) 391-4135
      Email: femc@uvm.edu
      Website: www.uvm.edu/femc

Abstract

    Annual measurements of fall color and leaf drop to establish the timing of developmental events and trends, as a measure of forest condition (ie effects of stress events) and long-term changes (ie effects of global climate change).

People

  • Joshua Halman: Principal Investigator

  • Michael Johnson: Content Provider

  • Tom Simmons: Content Provider

  • Sandra Wilmot: Principal Investigator

  • Barbara Schultz: Content Provider

  • Sean Lawson: Content Provider

  • Dan Dillner: Content Provider

Keywords

  • fall color, long term monitoring, plant phenology, trees,

Geographic Coverage

  • Coordinates
    • -72.865715, 44.525266
    • -72.82626, 44.525266
    • -72.82626, 44.532476
    • -72.865715, 44.532476
    • -72.865715, 44.525266

Data Table

  • Title: Tree Phenology 92-07
  • Start Date: 1992-07-28
  • End Date: 2007-10-26
  • Description: color and leaf drop metrics

  • Purpose: Annual measurements of tree phenology to establish the timing of developmental events and trends, especially as they relate to changes in weather or insect and disease occurrence.

  • Condensed Title: Z0062_TreePhen92_07

  • Object Name: VMC.62.182

  • Data Type: mySQL
  • Citation: Wilmot, S., and J. Halman. 2007. Tree Phenology 92-07. VT Department of Forests, Parks and Recreation. FEMC. Can be found at: https://www.uvm.edu/femc/data/archive/project/tree-phenology-monitoring-fall-color-leaf/dataset/tree-phenology-92-07

  • Online Distribution: https://www.uvm.edu/femc/data/archive/project/tree-phenology-monitoring-fall-color-leaf/dataset/tree-phenology-92-07

Attribute List

    Attribute Name: date
    • Label: date
    • Description: Date
    • Storage Type: datetime
    • Measurment Type: datetime
    • String Format: DD/MM/YYYY
    Attribute Name: DOY
    • Label: DOY
    • Description: Day of the Year
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: nominal
    Attribute Name: Elevation
    • Label: Elevation
    • Description: Elevation
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: Notes
    • Label: Notes
    • Description: Notes
    • Storage Type: text
    • Measurment Type: nominal
    Attribute Name: num
    • Label: num
    • Description: Numerical Date
    • Storage Type: datetime
    • Measurment Type: datetime
    • String Format: other
    Attribute Name: PercentColorR1
    • Label: PercentColorR1
    • Description: Percent color R1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: ratio
    Attribute Name: PercentColorR2
    • Label: PercentColorR2
    • Description: Percent Color R2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorR3
    • Label: PercentColorR3
    • Description: Percent Color R3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorR4
    • Label: PercentColorR4
    • Description: Percent Color R4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorR5
    • Label: PercentColorR5
    • Description: Percent Color R5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorRAVE
    • Label: PercentColorRAVE
    • Description: Percent Color Rave
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorT1
    • Label: PercentColorT1
    • Description: Percent Color T1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorT2
    • Label: PercentColorT2
    • Description: Percent Color T2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorT3
    • Label: PercentColorT3
    • Description: Percent Color T3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorT4
    • Label: PercentColorT4
    • Description: Percent Color T4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorT5
    • Label: PercentColorT5
    • Description: Percent Color T5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorT6
    • Label: PercentColorT6
    • Description: Percent Color T6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentColorTAVE
    • Label: PercentColorTAVE
    • Description: Percent Color Tave
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityR1
    • Label: PercentDensityR1
    • Description: Percent Density R1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityR2
    • Label: PercentDensityR2
    • Description: Percent Density R2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityR3
    • Label: PercentDensityR3
    • Description: Percent Density R3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityR4
    • Label: PercentDensityR4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityR5
    • Label: PercentDensityR5
    • Description: Percent Density R5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityRAVE
    • Label: PercentDensityRAVE
    • Description: Percent density Rave
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityT1
    • Label: PercentDensityT1
    • Description: Percent Density T1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityT2
    • Label: PercentDensityT2
    • Description: Percent Density T2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityT3
    • Label: PercentDensityT3
    • Description: Percent Density T3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityT4
    • Label: PercentDensityT4
    • Description: Percent Density T4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityT5
    • Label: PercentDensityT5
    • Description: Percent Density T5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityT6
    • Label: PercentDensityT6
    • Description: Percent Density T6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDensityTAVE
    • Label: PercentDensityTAVE
    • Description: Percent Density TAVE
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKR1
    • Label: PercentDKR1
    • Description: Percent DK R1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKR2
    • Label: PercentDKR2
    • Description: Percent DK R2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKR3
    • Label: PercentDKR3
    • Description: Percent DK R3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKR4
    • Label: PercentDKR4
    • Description: Percent DK R4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKR5
    • Label: PercentDKR5
    • Description: Percent DK R5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKRAVE
    • Label: PercentDKRAVE
    • Description: Percent DK RAVE
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKT1
    • Label: PercentDKT1
    • Description: Percent DK T1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKT2
    • Label: PercentDKT2
    • Description: Percent DK T2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKT3
    • Label: PercentDKT3
    • Description: Percent DK T3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKT4
    • Label: PercentDKT4
    • Description: Percent DK T4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKT5
    • Label: PercentDKT5
    • Description: Percent DK T5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKT6
    • Label: PercentDKT6
    • Description: Percent DK T6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentDKTAVE
    • Label: PercentDKTAVE
    • Description: Percent DK TAVE
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropR1
    • Label: PercentLeafDropR1
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop R1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropR2
    • Label: PercentLeafDropR2
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop R2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropR3
    • Label: PercentLeafDropR3
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop R3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropR4
    • Label: PercentLeafDropR4
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop R4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropR5
    • Label: PercentLeafDropR5
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop R5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropRAVE
    • Label: PercentLeafDropRAVE
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop Rave
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropT1
    • Label: PercentLeafDropT1
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop T1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropT2
    • Label: PercentLeafDropT2
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop T2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropT3
    • Label: PercentLeafDropT3
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop T3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropT4
    • Label: PercentLeafDropT4
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop T4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropT5
    • Label: PercentLeafDropT5
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop T5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropT6
    • Label: PercentLeafDropT6
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop T6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentLeafDropTAVE
    • Label: PercentLeafDropTAVE
    • Description: Percent Leaf Drop TAVE
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRR1
    • Label: PercentTRR1
    • Description: Percent TR R1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRR2
    • Label: PercentTRR2
    • Description: Percent TR R2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRR3
    • Label: PercentTRR3
    • Description: Percent TR R3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRR4
    • Label: PercentTRR4
    • Description: Percent TR R4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRR5
    • Label: PercentTRR5
    • Description: Percent TR R5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRRAVE
    • Label: PercentTRRAVE
    • Description: Percent TR RAVE
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRT1
    • Label: PercentTRT1
    • Description: Percent TR T1
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRT2
    • Label: PercentTRT2
    • Description: Percent TR T2
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRT3
    • Label: PercentTRT3
    • Description: Percent TR T3
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRT4
    • Label: PercentTRT4
    • Description: Percent TR T4
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRT5
    • Label: PercentTRT5
    • Description: Percent TR T5
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRT6
    • Label: PercentTRT6
    • Description: Percent TR T6
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: PercentTRTAVE
    • Label: PercentTRTAVE
    • Description: Percent TR TAVE
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: interval
    Attribute Name: Spp
    • Label: Spp
    • Description: Specie code using the first letter of the first and second part of the species common name IE Sugar maple = SM
    • Storage Type: text
    • Measurment Type: nominal
    Attribute Name: SppMod
    • Label: SppMod
    • Description: Male or Female
    • Storage Type: text
    • Measurment Type: nominal
    Attribute Name: UniqueID
    • Label: UniqueID
    • Description: Unique ID
    • Storage Type: int
    • Measurment Type: nominal
    Attribute Name: VMCSite
    • Label: VMCSite
    • Description: VMC site
    • Storage Type: text
    • Measurment Type: nominal
    Attribute Name: Year
    • Label: Year
    • Description: Year
    • Storage Type: datetime
    • Measurment Type: datetime
    • String Format: YYYY

Methods

  • Current Methods
    • Monitoring on Mount Mansfield
      • Started: 1992-07-15
      • Method Description: Sugar maple and yellow birch are monitored at 1400 and 2200 feet on Mansfield

    • Unnamed Method
      • Started: 1999-07-15
      • Method Description: Yellow birch and paper birch at 2600 feet on Mansfield were added to represent high elevation fall phenology.

    • Monitoring at Lye Brook
      • Method Description: Red maple at 1400 feet in the Lye Brook Wilderness Area was added as a southern Vermont monitoring site.

    • Unnamed Method
      • Started: 1995-07-15
      • Method Description: Red maple (male and female) and white ash are monitored at 1400 feet, only.

    • Crown metrics
      • Started: 1991-07-15
      • Method Description: Visual crown ratings are recorded on 5 trees and 5 saplings (same trees as for bud development ratings).

    • New color and leaf drop
      • Started: 1991-07-15
      • Method Description: Visual crown ratings consist of percent color other than green, transparency (%), dieback-loss of leaves (%).

    • Unnamed Method
      • Started: 1994-07-15
      • Method Description: Crown density measurement was added in 1994 as a way to better estimate leaf drop.

    • Unnamed Method
      • Started: 1991-07-15
      • Method Description: Initial crown ratings are recorded in July, then every other week until color and drop changes rapidly (end of September) when weekly measurements are made. Full leaf off density is used to calculate percent leaf drop at each visit.

    • Unnamed Method
      • Started: 2001-07-15
      • Method Description: New color and leaf drop methods added to existing methods for testing. Color based on % color visible regardless of leaf drop. Added % green. Leaf drop based on visual estimate rather than measures of density, transparency or dieback. Total of color, green and leaf drop to equal 100%.


Sampling Equipment

  • No sampling equipment recorded for this dataset

Site Characteristics

  • Site Description: Upper elevation site (2200 ft.) added in the Underhill State Park.



  • Site Description: West slope of Mount Mansfield in the Browns River watershed at low elevation site (1400 ft.) at the Proctor Maple Research Center,