• Address:
  705 Spear Street
  South Burlington, Vermont 05403
  United States of America
  
  Phone: (802) 391-4135
  Email: femc@uvm.edu
  Website: www.uvm.edu/femc

Examine the link between soil nitrification and stream nitrate export.

• Label: Watershed Name

• Description: The name of the watershed

• Storage Type: text

• Measurment Type: nominal

• Label: Watershed Site

• Description: The site within the watershed

• Storage Type: text

• Measurment Type: nominal

• Label: Watershed ID Number

• Description: Watershed ID number

• Storage Type: int

• Measurment Type: nominal

• Label: Sample Point ID

• Description: Unique number for each sampling point (except Sleepers and Buck)

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: nominal

• Label: Field Nitrate Concentration

• Description: Nitrate concentration in the field

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: millimoles per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Nitrate Concentration After 20 Hours

• Description: Nitrate concentration after about 20 h

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: millimoles per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Net Nitrification Rate

• Description: Net nitrification rate

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: micromoles per hour per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Field Ammonium Concentration

• Description: Ammonium concentration in the field

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: millimoles per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Ammonium Concentration after 20 Hours

• Description: Ammonium concentration after about 20 h

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: millimoles per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Ammonification Rate

• Description: Ammonification rate

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: micromoles per hour per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Nitrification and Ammonification Rate Sum

• Description: Sum of the nitrification and ammonification rates

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Nitrification Rate Per kg N

• Description: Nitrification rate per kg N

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Nitrification Rate Per kg C

• Description: Nitrification rate per kg C

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Nitrate Fraction of Inorganic N After 20 Hours

• Description: Fraction of inorganic N that is nitrate, after about 20 hF

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: customProportion
• Precision: 0.0001
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Total Soil C

• Description: Total soil C

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: grams per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Total Soil N

• Description: Total soil N

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: grams per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: C / N

• Description: Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: customProportion
• Precision: 0.0001
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Soil Dry Weight

• Description: Dry weight of 10 mL of soil (volume used in extraction), surrogate for bulk density

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Moisture Content

• Description: Weight of water / dry weight of soil; unit is percent

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Standard Unit: percent
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: percent
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Soil Wetness

• Description: Soil wetness calculated from regression with C and moisture

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001

• Label: Total Soil Hydrogen

• Description: Total soil H (run on defunct CHN analyzer)

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: grams per kilogram
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Field-Moist Soil pH (Water)

• Description: pH of field-moist soil in water (2:1 V:V)

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: interval
• Standard Unit: customPH
• Precision: 0.01
• Unit: PH
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Field-Most Soil pH (CaCl2)

• Description: pH of field-moist soil in 1 mmol/L CaCl2 (2:1 V:V)

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: interval
• Standard Unit: customPH
• Precision: 0.01
• Unit: PH
• Number Type: real

• Label: Oi+Oe Horizon Depth

• Description: Depth of the Oi + Oe layer

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.01
• Unit: centimeters
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Oa or A Horizon Depthj

• Description: Depth of the Oa or A horizon (horizon sampled)

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.01
• Unit: centimeters
• Number Type: rational

• Label: OiOe and Oa Sum

• Description: Sum of OiOe and Oa

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.01
• Unit: centimeters
• Number Type: rational

• Label: E Horizon Present

• Description: Presence or absence of E horizon, Y = 1, N = 0

• Storage Type: int

• Measurment Type: nominal

• Custom List: E Horizon Codes
• Code: Code
• Definition: Meaning
• Code: 0
• Definition: No E horizon is absent
• Code: 1
• Definition: Yes E horizon is present

• Label: Local Slope

• Description: Local slope at sampling site (24")

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: degrees
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Southness

• Description: Southness of site calculated from compass bearing of slope, cos (180 + degrees)

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: degrees
• Number Type: rational

• Label: GIS-Derived Slope

• Description: 10 m (?) slope calculated from DEM, unit?

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: degrees
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Clinometer-Measured Slope

• Description: 10 m slope measured with a clinometer,

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 100
• Unit: degrees
• Number Type: rational
• Bounds:
• Minimum: 0
• Maximum: 180

• Label: Topographical Index

• Description: Topographical index calculated from DEM

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: interval

• Label: Elevation from DEM

• Description: Elevation from DEM

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.1
• Unit: meters
• Number Type: rational
• Bounds:
• Minimum: -11000
• Maximum: 8850

• Label: Sugar Maple Basal Area

• Description: Sugar maple basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio
• Precision: 0.0001
• Unit: basal area per hectare
• Number Type: rational

• Label: Yellow Birch Basal Area

• Description: yellow birch basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: American Beech Basal Area

• Description: American beech basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Balsam Fir Basal Area

• Description: Balsam fir basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Paper Birch Basal Area

• Description: Paper birch basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Mountain Maple Basal Area

• Description: Mountain maple basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Striped Maple Basal Area

• Description: Striped maple basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Red Spruce Basal Area

• Description: Red spruce basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: White Ash Basal Area

• Description: White ash basal area (includes 1 mountain ash from Brush D)

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Basswood Basal Area

• Description: Basswood basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Hemlock Basal Area

• Description: Hemlock basal area

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: All Species Basal Area

• Description: Sum of basal area of all species

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Conifer Basal Area

• Description: Sum of basal area of red spruce, balsam fir and hemlock

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Conifer Share of Basal Area

• Description: Percentage of total basal area comprised of conifers

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Sugar Maple Share of Basal Area

• Description: Percentage of total basal area comprised of sugar maple

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Yellow Birch Share of Basal Area

• Description: Percentage of total basal area comprised of yellow birch

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: American Beech Share of Basal Area

• Description: Percentage of total basal area comprised of American beech

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Sugar Maple Density

• Description: Sugar maple density

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Yellow Birch Density

• Description: Yellow birch density

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: American Beech Density

• Description: American beech density

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Red Spruce Density

• Description: Red spruce density

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Conifer Density

• Description: Red spruce + balsam fir + hemlock

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Calcium Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of calcium, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Aluminum Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of aluminum, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Iron Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of iron, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Manganese Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of manganese, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Potassium Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of potassium, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Magnesium Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of magnesium, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Sodium Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of sodium, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Sulfur Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of sulfur, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Boron Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of boron, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Copper Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of copper, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Zinc Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of zinc, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Phosphorus Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of phosphorus, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Label: Molybdenum Concentration (Extractable)

• Description: Extractable concentration of molybdenum, extracted with NH4-acetate (1.25 mol/L acetate) at pH 4.8, mmol/kg

• Storage Type: decimal

• Measurment Type: ratio

• Nitrification rates
  • Started: 2002-10-01
    Ended: 2004-09-30
    
  • Method Description: Potential net nitrification rates were determined by the 1 day method of Ross et al. [2006], which measures the NO3 concentration in the field and again after 1 day’s incubation of a mixed horizon sample. These potential rate measurements are indices and should not be interpreted as actual rates, regardless of the method.

• Wetness
  • Started: 2002-05-01
    Ended: 2004-09-30
    
  • Method Description: In May 2002 wetness measurements were taken at the H and A horizons using 30-39 samples collected per site. Site wetness or dryness was noted. Samples were sealed, dried, dessicated and water content was generated as kg H2O/ kg dry soil.

• Soil sampling
  • Started: 2002-10-01
    Ended: 2004-09-30
    
  • Method Description: Soil samples were collected along transects parallel to the stream, usually 50 m apart.

• Soil pH
  • Started: 2002-10-01
    Ended: 2004-09-30
    
  • Method Description: Soil pH was determined on field-moist 5-ml subsamples in 10 ml of both water (pHw) and 1 mmol l-1 CaCl2 (pHca). Extractable Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Mn, and S were determined on air-dried 2-mm-sieved samples using the Modified Morgan’s soil test procedure (Wolf and Beegle 1995).

• Nitrate and ammonium
  • Started: 2002-10-01
    Ended: 2004-09-30
    
  • Method Description: Nitrate and ammonium were determined using a flow injection autoanalyzer (Lachat QuickChem AE, Hach Inc., Loveland, Colorado). Carbon and nitrogen were determined by a CHN elemental analyzer (CE440, Exeter Analytical, North Chelmsford, Massachusetts)

• Vegetation sampling
  • Started: 2002-10-01
    Ended: 2004-09-30
    
  • Method Description: In most watersheds, live trees over 10 cm diameter-breast-height (dbh) were measured in a 10 m radius around each sampling point and smallerdiameter stems were counted by species in a 5 m radius. Basal area and stem density were calculated.

• Site characteristics
  • Started: 2002-10-01
    Ended: 2004-09-30
    
  • Method Description: GIS position, slope aspect and angle were collected at each sampling point.