Tom McGrath: "Cold We All at Home..."
Comments: Hope Greenberg


1) What a great topic. The opening clearly establishes the questions and the sources you will use.  You might consider making the language a bit more direct or emphatic. Ex:  The diaries of four rural Vermonters provide some answers to these questions. . .Each offers a different (unique?) perspective on the winter activities of . . .

2) This would be a good place for a secondary source that explains mid-19th century rural school attendance patterns. Did many farm boys spend most of winter in school?

3) Another good place for some background information on church services. Were they all day affairs? One hour in the morning? Large congregations, small groups? Would not have to be an entire monograph on the subject! Just a bit of background.

4) Does she mention anything about her students? Age, gender, activities, etc.?

5) "she does appear to enjoy being there" An other examples of that?

6) Can you draw any conclusions about how he used his diary as a result? That is, does he see the diary a record of "work" activity but not leisure activity? If so, he may actually be engaging in some form of leisure activity but simply not noting it in the diary. . . an impossible sort of question, I realize but it should probably be raised.

7) Does he ever mention books/reading? if so, you could bring in the Gilmore chapter, and if not, you could still bring it in ("despite the fact that Gilmore found. . .")

8) Here's a great chance to compare the prices he reports with prices from some other source, perhaps an agricultural newspaper of the same time period.

9) There's a great place to provide some background information on the various denominations and people's attitudes towards them. How diverse were antebellum Vermonters? How tolerant?

10) Do you think this is representative of some of the themes touched on in class re: Vermont farmers diversification in the face of competition from the Midwest?

11) Hmmm...some opportunity for community settlement pattern information. How close are neighbors, do extended families tend to settle in one area, etc.

12) The peripatetic life of a rural school master. There should be an article somewhere about that to provide some context.

13) "girls of any consequence" !! cute--but I think he doesn't mean he expects pleasant consequences as a result of his talk but instead means the people, or girls, that he spoke with were considered inconsequential, not worth his time!


A couple general things:

1) Any information about the physical attributes of the diaries? Size, type of book/paper, number of entries, length of typical entry, etc. Any indirect information that might provide clues about winter activities? For example, are their more or longer diary entries in winter than in summer--were people more able to spend time recording in their diaries in winter? Does the handwriting/writing style say anything about the individuals?

2) Rather than order them as a list it might be interesting to organize them by themes so you can compare/contrast. Some of the themes might be:

a) weather and their reactions to it--how they differ, how they are the same, how it effects them, For example, the farmer spends a lot of time talking about the weather. Why might that be?
b) church attendance and attitudes related to it
c) social activities or lack thereof

This might give you the opportunity to draw in the background information to provide general context as well as tie them together. It also might make it easier to write the conclusion paragraph.

Some possible secondary sources:

MacDonald, Cameron Lynne and Karen V. Hansen. "Sociability and Gendered Spheres: Visiting Patterns in Nineteenth-Century New England." Social Science History 25.4 (2001) pp. 535-561
Project Muse: http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/social_science_history/v025/25.4macdonald.html

Gileson, John S. "The Rise and the Decline of the Puritan Sunday in Providence, Rhode Island, 1810-1926" may have something useful to add re: attitudes towards church attendance. (JSTOR: http://www.jstor.org/view/00284866/ap020236/02a00040/0?currentResult=00284866%2bap020236%2b02a00040%2b1%2cD4D501&searchUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fsearch%2FResults%3Fhp%3D25%26si%3D1%26Query%3Dnineteenth-century%2B%2522New%2BEngland%2522%2B%2522church%2Battendance%2522%26mo%3Dbs

McCarthy, Molly "A Pocketful of Days: Pocket Diaries and Daily Record Keeping among Nineteenth-Century New England Women"
JSTOR: http://www.jstor.org/view/00284866/ap020293/02a00050/1?searchUrl=http%3a//www.jstor.org/search/Results%3fhp%3d25%26si%3d1%26Query%3dnineteenth-century%2b%2522New%2bEngland%2522%2bweather%26mo%3dbs&frame=noframe&currentResult=00284866%2bap020293%2b02a00050%2b0%2cFFFBAA&userID=84c65c35@uvm.edu/01cc9933411c0421036570169d&dpi=3&config=jstor
(To see how someone else has extrapolated from the limited entries diarists provide)

Hansen, Karen V. A Very Social Time: Crafting Community in Antebellum New England. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1994. UVM has this but I see it is checked out--Dona may have a copy.


All in all an interesting topic and some great quotes--left me wanting more!