S/he, “Two Spirits”:
Gender Cross-Culturally

Blackwood & Wieringa, Introduction

XEROX PACKET:

• John Boswell: "Revolutions, Universals, and Sexual Categories," in Martin Duberman, et al., Hidden From History pgs. 17–36.
• Chap. 1 "Before Homosexuality," Pg. 1–20

Gender/Sexuality: Definitions, Theories, and Constructions, II

XEROX PACKET

• Stephen O. Murray: "Homosexual Categorization in Cross-Cultural Perspective," in Stephen O. Murray, Latin American Male Homosexualities pgs. 3–32
• Wesley Thomas (Navajo): "Navajo Cultural Constructions of Gender and Sexuality," in Sue-Ellen Jacobs, et al., eds. Two-Spirit People, pgs. 156–173
• David M. Halperin: "Is There a History of Sexuality?" in Abelove, The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader, pgs.416–431.

Femininity and Female Sexuality

XEROX PACKET

• Barrie Thorne: " Girls and Boys Together...But Mostly Apart," in Estelle Disch, ed. Reconstructing Gender: A Multicultural Anthology (Mayfield 1997) pgs. 77–94
• Stevi Jackson: "The Social Construction of Female Sexuality," in Stevi Jackson and Sue Scott, eds., Feminism and Sexuality: A Reader, New York: (Columbia U. 1996) pgs. 62–73
• Carol Smith-Rosenberg: "Discourses of Sexuality and Subjectivity: The New Woman, 1870–1936," in Hidden From History, pgs. 264–280

XEROX PACKET:

• Matthew C. Gutmann: "The Meanings of Macho: Changing Mexican Male Identities," in Situated Lives, Gender and Culture in Everyday Life, ed. Louise Lamphere, et al. (Routledge 1997) pgs. 223–234
• Michael A. Messner: "Boyhood, Organized Sports, and the Construction of Masculinities," in Reconstructing Gender pgs. 57–77
• Tommi Avicolli: "He Defies You Still: The Memoirs of a Sissy," in Estelle Disch, ed. Reconstructing Gender pgs. 113–118

Blackwood & Wieringa, Ch. 3

XEROX PACKET

• Charlotte Furth: “Androgynous Males and Deficient Felmales: Biology and Gender Boundaries in Sixteenth and Seventeenth-Century China,” in Abelove, Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader (Routledge 1993)
• Judith C. Brown: "Lesbian Sexuality in Medieval and Early Modern Europe," in Martin Duberman, et al., Hidden From History, pgs. 67–75
• Allen Berube: "Marching to a Different Drummer: Lesbian and Gay GIs in World War II," in Duberman, ed. Hidden from History 383-394

XEROX PACKET

• Barry D. Adam: "Age, Structure, and Sexuality..." in Anthropology and Homosexual Behavior, pgs.19–33
• Judith Gay: "Mummies and Babies," in Anthropology and Homosexual Behavior, pgs. 97–116
• Gilbert H. Herdt: “Semen Transactions in Sambia Culture” in Gilbert H. Herdt, ed., Ritualized Homosexuality in Melanesia, (U California Press 1984)

Gil Herdt, ed. Ritualized Homosexuality in Melanesia

Blackwood and Wieringa, Ch. 8, 9

XEROX PACKET

• Madeline Davis and Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy: "Oral History and the Study of Sexuality in the Lesbian Community: Buffalo, NY, 1940–1960," in Duberman, Hidden From History pgs. 426–440
• Joan Nestle: "Butch-Femme Relationships: Sexual Courage in the 1950s," in Disch, ed. Reconstructing Gender pgs. 249–255
• Eric Garber: "A Spectacle in Color: The Lesbian and Gay Subculture of Jazz Age Harlem," in Duberman, Hidden From History pgs. 318–331

• Kennedy and Davis: Boots of Leather; Slippers of Gold: The History of a Lesbian Community
• Faderman: Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers

Blackwood & Wieringa, Ch. 5

XEROX PACKET

Esther Newton: "Just One of the Boys: Lesbians in Cherry Grove, 1960–1988," in Abelove, The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader, pgs. 528–541

Oral Presentation

• Esther Newton: Cherry Grove: Fire Island: Sixty Years in America's First Gay and Lesbian Town

Lumsden, Machos, Maricones, and Gays, Introduction, Chs. 1–2, pgs. 1–54 and Appendix A, B, C

XEROX PACKET

• Stephen O. Murray: "Machismo, Male Homosexuality, and Latino Culture," in Latin American Male Homosexualities, (U New Mexico Press 1995) pgs. 49–70

Stephen O. Murray: Latin American Male Homosexualities

Balderson & Guy: Sex and Sexuality in Latin America

Lumsden: Machos, Maricones, and Gays, Introduction, chs. 3–end, esp. chs. 3, 4, 6, 7

Blackwood & Wieringa, Ch. 13

XEROX PACKET:

• Tomas Almaguer: "Chicano Men: A Cartography of Homosexual Identity and Behavior," in Abelove, The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader pgs. 255–273

Blackwood & Wieringa, Ch. 4

XEROX PACKET

• Will Roscoe: “How to Become a Berdache: Toward a Unified Analysis of Gender Diversity” in Gilbert Herdt, ed., Third Sex, Third Gender: Beyond Sexual Dimorphism in Culture and History (Zone Books 1996)

• Walter Williams: The Spirit and the Flesh: Sexual Diversity in American Indian Cultures
• Will Roscoe: Zuni Man-Woman
• Jacobs, et al.: Two Spirit People

Non-Western Homosexualities, II: Hijras of India

Blackwood & Wieringa: Ch. 3

Serena Nanda: Neither Man Nor Woman: The Hijras of India, Foreward, Preface, Introduction, Chs. 1–6

Nanda, Neither Man Nor Woman, Chs. 7–10

Non-Western Homosexualities, III, South Asia/Asia

Blackwood & Wieringa: Ch. 10, 12

Oral Presentation

• Peter Jackson: Male Homosexuality in Thailand

Blackwood & Wieringa, Ch. 6, 7

Oral Presentation

• Murray and Roscoe: Islamic Homosexualities

XEROX PACKET

Barbara Smith: "Homophobia: Why Bring it Up?" in Abelove, The Lesbian and Gay Studies Reader, pgs. 99–102