Abstract from:


Helping or Hovering? Effects of Instructional Assistant Proximity on Students with Disabilities




Michael F. Giangreco
Susan W. Edelman
University of Vermont

This study presents data on the effects of the proximity of instructional assistants on students with multiple disabilities who are placed in general education classrooms. Based on extensive observations and interviews, analysis of the data highlighted eight major finding of educational significance, all related to proximity of instructional assistants. These categories of finding included: (a) interference with ownership and responsibility by general educators; (b) separation from classmates; (c) dependence on adults; (d) interference with peer interactions; (e) limitations on access to competent instruction; (f) loss of personal control; (g) loss of gender identity; and (h) interference with instruction of other students. The article concludes with a set of proposals for future policy development, training, practice, and research to corresponding to the findings of this study.
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