The University of Vermont

Paraeducator Support

Paraeducator Support:

Additional Resources Re:

"Developing a Shared Understanding..."
(Giangreco, et al., 1999).

The Additional Resources Listed Below Relate Directly to Statement #2

Paraeducators provide important services, under the supervision of a licensed educator, that influence student learning, social/emotional development, and inclusion.

Non Data-Based Literature

Data-Based Literature

Training Materials

Ideas From the Field

Non Data-Based Literature

Boomer, L.W. (1994). The utilization of paraprofessionals in programs for students with autism. Focus on Autistic Behavior, 9(2), 1-9. Summary Available

Daniels, V.I. & McBride, A. (2001). Paraeducators as critical team members: Redefining roles and responsibilities. NASSP Bulletin (85) 623, 66-74. Summary Available

French, N., & Pickett, A. L. (1997). Paraprofessionals in special education: Issues for teacher educators. Teacher Education and SpecialEducation, 20(1), 61-73. Summary Available

Lacey, P. (2001). The role of learning support assistants in the inclusive learning of pupils with severe and profound learning difficulties. Educational Review, 53(2), 157-167. Summary Available

Macvean, M.L., & Hall, L.J. (1997). The integration assistant: Benefits, challenges and recommendations. Australian Disability Review, 2/97, 3-9. Summary Available

Miramontes, O. B. (1990). Organizing for effective paraprofessional services in special education: A multilingual/multiethnic instructional service team model. Remedial and Special Education, 12, 29-36. Summary Available

Nittoli, J.M., & Giloth, R.P. (1997). New careers revisited: Paraprofessional job creation for low-income communities. Social Policy, 28(2), 44-61. Summary Available

Palma, G. M. (1994). Toward a positive and effective teacher and paraprofessional relationship. Rural Special Education Quarterly, 13(4), 46-48. Summary Available

Parsons, M.B., & Reid, D.H. (March/April 1999). Training basic teaching skills to paraeducators of students with severe disabilities: A one day program. Teaching Exceptional Children, 31(4), 48- 54. Summary Available

Radaszewski-Byrne, M. (1997). Issues in the development of guidelines for the preparation and use of speech-language paraprofessionals and their SL supervisors working in education settings. Journal of Children's Communication Development, 18(1), 5-22. Summary Available

Rueda, R. & DeNeve, C. (1999). How paraeducators build cultural bridges in diverse classrooms. Reaching Today’s Youth: The Community Caring Journal, vol. 3(2), 53-55. Summary Available

Watkins, S., Clark, T., Strong, C., & Barringer, D. (1994). The effectiveness of an intervener model of services for young deaf-blind children. American Annals of the Deaf, 139(4), 404-409. Summary Available

Data-Based Research

Chopra, R. V., Sandoval-Lucero, E., Aragon, L., Bernal, C., Berg de Balderas, H., & Carroll, D. The paraprofessional role of connector. Remedial and Special Education, 25(4), 219-231. Summary Available

Erwin, E. (1996). Meaningful participation in early childhood general education: Exploring the use of natural supports and adaptive strategies. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 90, 400-411. Summary Available

Giangreco, M.F., Edelman, S.W., & Broer, S.M. (2001). Respect, appreciation, and acknowledgement of paraprofessionals who support students with disabilities. Exceptional Children, 67, 485-498. Summary Available

Hall, L. J., McClannahan, L. E. & Kranz P. J. (1995). Promoting independence in integrated classrooms by teaching aides to use activity schedule and decreased prompts. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 30, 208-217. Summary Available

Lacey, P. (2001). The role of learning support assistants in the inclusive learning of pupils with severe and profound learning difficulties. Educational Review, 53(2), 157-167. Summary Available

Lamont, L. L.., & Hill, J. L. (1991). Roles and responsibilities of paraprofessionals in the regular elementary classroom. BC Journal of Special Education, 15(1), 1-24. Summary Available

Marks, S.U., Schrader, C., & Levine, M. (1999). Paraeducator Experiences: Helping, Hovering, or Holding Their Own? Exceptional Children, 65(3), 315-319. Summary Available

Storey, K., Smith, D. J., & Strain, P. S. (1993). Use of classroom assistants and peer-mediated intervention to increase integration in preschool settings. Exceptionality, 4, 1-16. Summary Available

Werts, M G., Wolery. M., Snyder, E., & Caldwell, N. (1996). Teachers' perceptions of the supports critical to the success of inclusion programs. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 21(1), 9-21. Summary Available

Training Materials

None Available at This Time

Ideas From the Field

None Available at This Time


A complete list of Selected Paraeducator References 1990 - 2003 with summaries is also available.

Last modified February 14 2008 11:20 AM

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