"Developing
a Shared Understanding..."
(Giangreco, et al., 1999)
The Additional Resources Listed Below Relate Directly to Statement #22:
Some of the primary functions of paraeducators are to: support the implementation of instructional programs; facilitate learning activities; collect student data; and carry out other assigned duties (e.g., supervise students at lunch or recess; provide personal care supports to students; do clerical tasks) based on plans developed by the vteachers and special educators.
Non Data-Based Literature
Ashbaker, B.Y., & Morgan, J. (2001). Growing roles for teachers' aides. Education Digest, 66(7), 60-65. Available online at www.eddigest.com Summary Available
Blalock, G. (1991). Paraprofessionals: Critical team members in our special education programs. Intervention in School and Clinic, 36, 200-214. Summary Available
Benshoff, J.J., Eckert, J.M., Riggar, T.F., & Taylor, D.W. (1995). Parameters of paraprofessionalism: Exploring the myths and realities associated with paraprofessionals in rehabilitation settings. Journal of Rehabilitation Administration,19, 133-143. Summary Available
Boomer, L.W. (1994). The utilization of paraprofessionals in programs for students with autism. Focus on Autistic Behavior, 9(2), 1-9. Summary Available
Carroll, D. (2001, November/December). Considering paraeducator training, roles, and responsibilities. Teaching Exceptional Children, 34(2), 60-64. Summary Available
Clayton, T. (1993). From domestic helper to "assistant teacher": the changing role of the British classroom assistant. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 8(1), 32-44. Summary Available
Coufal, K.L., Steckelberg, A.L., & Vasa, S.F. (1991). Current trends in the training and utilization of paraprofessional in speech and language programs: A report on an eleven-state survey. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 22, 51-59. Summary Available
Doyle, M. B. (2002). The paraprofessionals guide to the inclusive classroom: Working as a team. (2nd ed.). Baltimore: Paul H. Brooks. Publisher's Summary and Order Form Available
French, N., & Pickett, A. L. (1997). Paraprofessionals in special education: Issues for teacher educators. Teacher Education and SpecialEducation, 20(1), 61-73. Summary Available
Hammeken, P.A. (1996). Inclusion: An essential guide for the paraprofessional. Minnetonka, MN: Peytral Publications. Summary Available
Hill, C. (2003) The role of instructional assistants in regular classrooms: Are they influencing inclusive practices? The Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 49(1), 98-100. Summary Available
Hilton, A., Gerlach, K., (1997). Employment, preparation and management of paraeducators: Challenges to appropriate service for students with developmental disabilities. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 32 71-76. Summary Available
Jones, K. H., & Bender, W. N. (1993). Utilization of paraprofessionals in special education: A review of the literature. Remedial and Special Education, 14, 7-14. Summary Available
Kotkin, R. A. (1995). The Irvine paraprofessional program: Using paraprofessionals in serving students with ADHD. Intervention in School and Clinic, 30(4), 235-240. Summary Available
Lacey, P. (2001). The role of learning support assistants in the inclusive learning of pupils with severe and profound learning difficulties. Educational Review, 53(2), 157-167. Summary Available
Miller, C., & Levack, N. (Eds.). (1997). A paraprofessional's handbook for working with students who are visually impaired. Austin: Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired. Summary Available
Miramontes, O. B. (1990). Organizing for effective paraprofessional services in special education: A multilingual/multiethnic instructional service team model. Remedial and Special Education, 12, 29-36. Summary Available
Morgan, J., Ashbaker, B.Y., & Forbush,D. (2000, November/December). Special helpers. American School Board Journal, 187(1), 54-56. Summary Available
National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities. (1999, March). Learning disabilities: Use of paraprofessionals. Asha, 41 (Suppl.19), 37-46. Summary Available also Available in its Entirety
Pickett, A. L. (1999). Strengthening and supporting teacher/provider-paraeducator
teams: Guidelines for paraeducator roles, supervision, and preparation. New
York, New York: City University of New York, National Resource Center for Paraprofessionals
in Education and Related Services.
Summary
Available
Pickett, A. L.. & Gerlach, K. (Eds.). (1997). Supervising paraeducators in school settings: A team approach. Austin, TX: PRO-ED. Summary Available
Radaszewski-Byrne, M. (1997). Issues in the development of guidelines for the preparation and use of speech-language paraprofessionals and their SL supervisors working in education settings. Journal of Children's Communication Development, 18(1), 5-22. Summary Available
Robertson, K, Chamberlain, B., Kasari, C. (2003). General education teachers' relationship with included students with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(2), 123-130. Summary Available
Rogan, P., & Held, M. (1999). Paraprofessionals in job coach roles. The Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 24(4), 272-279. Summary Available
U.S Department of Education (1997). Roles of education paraprofessionals in effective schools: An idea book. Washington, DC: Author. Summary Available
Chopra, R. V. & French, N. K. (2004). Paraeducator relationships with parents of students with significant disabilities. Remedial and Special Education, 25(4), 240-251. Summary Available
Chopra, R. V., Sandoval-Lucero, E., Aragon, L., Bernal, C., Berg de Balderas, H., & Carroll, D. The paraprofessional role of connector. Remedial and Special Education, 25(4), 219-231. Summary Available
Erwin, E. (1996). Meaningful participation in early childhood general education: Exploring the use of natural supports and adaptive strategies. Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, 90, 400-411. Summary Available
French, N.K., and Cabell, E.A. (1993). Are community college programs for paraeducators feasible? Community College Journal of Reserach and Practice, 17(2), 131-140. Summary Available
French, Nancy K. (1998). Working together: Resource teachers and paraeducators. Remedial and Special Education, 19, 357-368. Summary Available
French, N.K., & Chopra, R. (1999). Parent perspectives on the roles of paraprofessionals. The Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 24(4), 259-272. Summary Available
Giangreco, M. F., Edelman, S. W.., Luiselli, T. E. & MacFarland, S. Z. C. (1997). Helping or Hovering? Effects of instructional assistant proximity on students with disabilities. Exceptional Children, 64, 7-18. Summary Available
Hadadian, A. & Yssel, N. (1998). Changing roles of paraeducators in early childhood special education. Infant-Toddler Intervention, 8(1), 1-9. Summary Available
Hall, L. J., McClannahan, L. E. & Kranz P. J. (1995). Promoting independence in integrated classrooms by teaching aides to use activity schedule and decreased prompts. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities, 30, 208-217. Summary Available
Lamont, L. L.., & Hill, J. L. (1991). Roles and responsibilities of paraprofessionals in the regular elementary classroom. BC Journal of Special Education, 15(1), 1-24. Summary Available
Marks, S.U., Schrader, C., & Levine, M. (1999). Paraeducator Experiences: Helping, Hovering, or Holding Their Own? Exceptional Children, 65(3), 315-319. Summary Available
Minondo, S., Meyer, L.H., & Xin, J.F. (2001). The role and responsibilities of teaching assistants in inclusive education: What's appropriate. The Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 26, 114-119. Summary Available
Reinoehl, R. B., & Halle, J. W. (1994). Increasing the assessment probe
performance of teacher aides through written prompts. Journal of the Association
for Persons with Sever Handicaps, 19, 32-42. Summary
Available
Singh, P. (2000). Local and official forms of symbolic control: An Australian
case study of the pedagogic work of para-educational personnel. International
Journal of Inclusive Education, 4(1), 3-21. Summary
Available
Welch, M., Richards, G., Okada, T., Richards, J., & Prescott, S. (1995). A consultation and paraprofessional pull-in system of service delivery: A report on student outcomes and teacher satisfaction. Remedial and Special Education, 16(1), 16-28. Summary Available
Werts, M G., Harris, S., Tillery, C. Y., & Roark. (2004). What parents tell us about paraeducators. Remedial and Special Education, 25(4), 232-239. Summary Available
None Available at This Time
Ideas from the field were generated and put into practice by school teams who
used the the tool,
"A Guide to Schoolwide Planning for Paraeducator Supports"
A complete list of Selected Paraeducator References 1990 - 2003 with summaries is also available.
Last modified February 14 2008 11:20 AM
