Continence Project
Selected Topics
Autism
- TEACCH: Applying Structured Teaching Principles to Toilet Training by Susan Boswell and Debbie Gray: Many children with autism are difficult to toilet train. Parents and teachers have tried many approaches to teaching the children to use the toilet independently. Not all children respond to the same teaching techniques. A method that is helpful in one child's situation may not be useful in another case. TEACCH consultants are often asked for suggestions for successful toilet training. This article is the compilation of several experienced teachers' and consultants' suggestions about this area of programming. (website)
- Toilet Training by Gary J. Heffner: This article outlines methods and guidelines for toilet training children with Autism. (PDF)
Source: UNC School of Medicine
Source: BBB Autism Support Network
Cerebral Palsy
- Teaching a Basic Function: Exploring several techniques to use when toilet training children with cerebral palsy by Ginny Paleg, PT: Occupational, physical, and speech language therapists are often asked to assist classroom staff, caregivers, and families in toilet training children with cerebral palsy. Here is a quick guide to how we can help. (website)
- Toilet Training a Child with Special Needs by Claire Keeler: Parents often find that toilet training their child can be a frustrating process. Some children may train quickly and easily, but for many children it can take time. And if a child has special needs, it can be even more difficult. Toilet training can often be stressful, even for children without special needs, but for every child it's an important milestone. Toilet training increases a child's self-esteem and independence, especially as he or she enters school or daycare. The good news is that typically, children can achieve toilet training by two to three years of age, regardless of special needs. However, only you and your child can determine whether they are ready to learn. (website)
Source: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Rehabilitation
Source: Rifton
Children's Books and Resources
Some of the books listed below are available for loan through the AT Tryout Center. If you are interested in borrowing any of the titles, please contact Shannon Newell, Continence Project Coordinator.
- Even Firefighters Go To the Potty: A Potty Training Lift the Flap Book by Wendy Wax and Naomi Wax: This is a great pictorial book that demonstrates that everyone needs to take the time to go to the bathroom, even firefighters, policemen, and baseball players. It is a great book for boys who would benefit from to seeing men standing up to "pee."
- Everyone Poops by Taro Gomi: "Everyone Poops by Taro Gomi is part biology textbook, part sociological treatise and all celebration of a very natural process. ..The text is simple and straightforward but not without humor." - The Expositor. This book is available for loan at the AT Tryout Center!
- Me and My Amazing Body by Joan Sweeny: A super-simple introduction to the human body ...What is under your skin? Why do you have bones? What do your muscles do? Where does the food that you eat go? Me and My Amazing Body can show you! ...Easy to read and easy to understand, Me and My Amazing Body helps children appreciate everything their amazing bodies can do. This book is available for loan at the AT Tryout Center!
- Poop Hurts! by Flavia Norman: Children who are experiencing constipation frequently withhold stools because it hurts to eliminate their bowels. This book provides an explanation about why "poop hurts" for children using a combination of pictures and narrative and suggests ways to solve the problem. This book is available for loan at the AT Tryout Center!
- Potty Time by Roger Priddy: A little boy named Michael explains that he's not a baby anymore, so mommy says he can wear training pants. He and his mom look at various different potties, finally choosing a bright red one. Numbered instructions show all the steps required to use the potty; then Michaels's bigger friend Sam shows how to use... the toilet!
- Sammy The Elephant & Mr. Camel A Story To Help Children Overcome Bedwetting While Discovering Self-Appreciation by Joyce C. Mills, Ph.D., and Richard J. Crowley, Ph.D.: A delightful and profound story that can be enjoyed by children of all ages. The theme is of a struggling youngster who is guided to discover his own unique abilities will touch the heart of any child in a universal way. This book is available for loan at the AT Tryout Center!
- Standing Up by Marie-Anne Gillet and Isabelle Gilboux: Inspired by the historic Manneke Pis statue in his hometown of Brussels, a little boy practices and perfects the art of standing up. This book is available for loan at the AT Tryout Center!
- Where's The Poop? by Julie Markes: With the aid of this playful book, your child will see that he or she has a place to poop, too. While reinforcing the concept of toilet training, Where's the Poop? gives children the confidence they need. This engaging lift-the-flap book shows children that all creatures have a place to poop. This book is available for loan at the AT Tryout Center!
- Talk About Potty Training by June Rogers and Peggy Poppe: This brochure provides a good getting started guide for parents and providers for toilet training children with special needs. (PDF)
- Are Your Bowels Moving?: an informative website for kids.
- The Real Deal on the Digestive System: an informative website for kids.
- UCanPooToo: This is a research based internet education program for children with encopresis. An online application is required. Be aware that some children may not meet the programs criteria. (website)
ISBN: 13:978-1-4169-2720-4
ISBN: 978-1-929132-14-0
ISBN: 978-0-375-80623-0
ISBN: 1-4184-9078-4
ISBN: 978-0-312-49977-8
ISBN: 978-1-59147-247-6
ISBN: 978-1-92913-271-3
ISBN: 0-06-053089-8
Source: PromoCon and CDCI
Source: kidshealth.org
Source: kidshealth.org
Source: BeHealth Solutions, LLC
Downs Syndrome
- Toilet Training Made Semi-Easy by Kent Moreno: Kent Moreno is a Behavior Analyst and father of a child with Down syndrome. He is employed by the West Virginia Autism Training Center at Marshall University as an education specialist. (website)
Source: ds-health.com
Encopresis and Constipation
- Childhood Constipation: This is an interactive resource on constipation for parents. (website)
- Encopresis: This website provides definitions, causes, and other information around encopresis. (website)
Source: childhoodconstipation.com
Source: University of Virginia Children's Hospital
General Articles and Presentations on Toilet Training
- Potty Training Children with Special Needs by Vincent Iannelli: a brief article that gives an overview of the readiness for children with special needs and toilet training. (website)
- Toilet Training Individuals with Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities: A critical review by Kroeger, K.A., and Sorensen-Burnsworth, R.: The following journal article reviews the current literature addressing toilet training individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities. (PDF)
- The Effectiveness of Different Methods of Toilet Training for Bowel and Bladder Control by Kiddoo, D., Klassen, T., Lang, M., Friesen, C., Russell, K., Spooner, C., and Vandemeer, M.S.: The objectives of this report are to determine the following: (1) the effectiveness of the toilet training methods, (2) which factors modify the effectiveness of toilet training, (3) if the toilet training methods are risk factor for adverse outcomes, and (4) the optimal toilet training method for achieving bowel and bladder control among patients with special needs. (website)
- Toilet Learning by Karen DeBoard, PhD: In days past, to teach children to use the toilet, parents simply undressed them and sat them in a potty chair for extended periods until they eliminated. Then referred to as toilet training, past practices and past terms have been updated. Research has shown that seeing the child as an active player makes the toileting process more enjoyable. Therefore, a more appropriate name for the process is toilet mastery or toilet learning. (PDF)
- Toilet training problems: Underachievers, refusers, and stool holders by Barton D. Schmitt, MD: Toilet training can be defined as delayed if the child is over 3 years of age, has normal development, and is not toilet trained after three or more months of training. (This definition excludes families who have not yet started toilet training.) Usually the delay is in bowel training. (website)
- Sequential Acquisition of Toilet-Training Skills: A Descriptive Study of Gender and Age Differences in Normal Children by Schrum, T., Kolb, T., McAuliffe, T., Simms, M., Underhill, R., Lewis, M.: Toilet training is a universally acquired skill for normally developing children, yet there is no information about the requisite skills that children learn sequentially, beginning with the signs of readiness and ending with successful completion of toileting. (website)
- Toilet Training Children with Autism and Related Disorders by Ed Sbardellati, PhD: this page outlines 7 categories important in toilet training a child with autism and related disorders. (website)
- Toilet Training Non-Ambulatory Students: a Powerpoint Presentation
- Toilet Training Children with Moderate-Severe Disability: a Powerpoint Presentation
- Helping Children with Moderate-Profound Cognitive Disability: a Powerpoint Presentation
- Toilet Training for Children with Special Needs (DVD): This 2 hour DVD (available to purchase) provides an overview of practical toilet training techniques and core principles for success. Curriculum developed by Dr. Susan Hepburn, Clinical Psychologist and Associate Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Colorado Denver, JFK Partners is presented as well as vignettes taking viewers through the toilet training process. The DVD concludes with a parent's perspective on the techniques presented and words of wisdom for other parents going through the toilet training process. (website)
Source: about.com
Source: Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information
Source: North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service
Source: Contemporary Pediatrics
Source: Official Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics
Source: CDCI
Source: UVM
Source: UVM
Source: UVM
Source: Western Media Products
Tipsheets and Visual Guides
- Toilet Training Steps for Boys: This packet includes a checklist of skills your child has acquired, four detailed toileting steps, and a picture guide your child can reference. (PDF)
- Toilet Training Steps for Girls: This packet includes a checklist of skills your child has acquired, four detailed toileting steps, and a picture guide your child can reference. (PDF)
- Tip Sheets for Parents: A list of tip sheets for parents that cover topics such as bedwetting, constipation, and toilet positions. (website)
- Picture Cards: print out these large picture cards to hang on the bathroom wall for a visual reference. (website)
- Photobook for a Story About Toileting: this tipsheet will help you create your own photobook to help your child understand the toileting process. (PDF)
- A Complete Guide to Special Needs Toilet Training: *new resource* this website has a very extensive list of toilet training resources. Listed alphabetically, this site addresses specific topics such as autism, ADHD, deaf blindness, cerebral palsy, down syndrome, and more. (website)
Source: Continence Foundation of Australia
Source: Continence Foundation of Australia
Source: Continence Foundation of Australia
Source: do2learn.com
Source: Continence Foundation of Australia
Source: One Place for Special Needs
Last modified March 06 2013 03:39 PM