University of Vermont
Residency in Psychiatry (1979-1982)
Burlington, Vermont

St. Luke's Hospital and Neuropsychiatric Institute
Rotating Internship (1972-1973)
Fargo, North Dakota

University of Vermont, College of Medicine
M.D. (1972)
Burlington, Vermont

Colgate University
B.A. with Honors in Astrogeophysics (1968)
Hamilton, New York

University of Miami
NASA Scholarship in Planetary Astronomy (1967)
Miami, Florida