Our spine biomechanics research program has involved prediction of angular skeletal deformity during growth, stability of muscle loading of the lumbar spine, analysis and simulation of surgical spinal fusion, fracture risk predictions for patients who suffer from spinal tumors, and the development of an instrumented spinal implant with a multi-channel telemetry system. We have been involved in vibration research that has included a study of the seat vs. subject vibration, and whole body vibration relationship with muscle activity.