• "This is fated to happen." as shorthand for "This is part of a fully determined causal network and is inevitable because of that causal network." For example, "I became a gold medal olympian because of training, the existence of the olympics, the fact that Soundso Noonesdottir broke her leg, and because of everything that led up to it."
  
• "Fate" as another word for "the causal network of the world"
• Saying that something is "fated" to happen in this sense means that it is an event that is caused to happen as part of the causal necessity of the world.
  
• vs. 
• "This is fated to happen." as shorthand for "No matter what else happens, this will happen." For example, "Even if I never leave this couch, if I am fated to be a gold medal olympian, it will happen. What can I do about it?"
  
• "Fate" as another word for things that happen (almost?) in spite of the causal network.
  
• It's the idea that there are any number of actually possible ways for X to happen, but the only certain thing is that X will happen.
• Often it's cast into the past: there were any number of ways for X to happen, and everything seemed against X happening, but X was fated to happen in spite of it all.

THE SECOND ONE IS NOT STOIC FATE!

• Free will: the freedom of humans to make choices that are not determined by prior causes or by divine intervention
• Claim: if you move without being caused to move, it is either random (and you deserve no credit or blame) or it is not.
  
• Question: If it is not random, how can it be uncaused?
  
• Related queston: Is there some third choice between caused and random?